tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-72084542161325540222023-11-15T05:42:38.777-08:00Help me write my research paperResearch Essay Topics College Abnormal Psychkathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-75359694029776379022020-08-24T22:48:00.001-07:002020-08-24T22:48:03.857-07:00Discuss the role of social medias influence (Twitter, Facebook, and Essay - 2Examine the job of social medias impact (Twitter, Facebook, and Youtube) in the lives of kids and youthful adolescents today - Essay Example The AACAP states that ââ¬Å"60% of 13 to 17 years of age have in any event one profile on a person to person communication siteâ⬠(Aacap 1). Interpersonal interaction sites have a few highlights and one of the most significant highlights is news and data. Data accessible on these sites incorporates scholastic related data just as news with respect to recent developments (Strader 98). At the point when kids get to these highlights they wind up creating understanding with respect to what's going on in their general surroundings. This element even encourages them in learning more than what is offered at schools. Web-based social networking is in any event, helping kids create and support social connections. Web based life, for example, Facebook permits kids to discuss online with others including kids from their own schools. OKeeffe states that ââ¬Å"social media permit teenagers to achieve different errands incorporating remaining associated with friendsâ⬠(OKeeffe 1). This helps kids in staying in steady contact with companions consistently. This expansion in time went through with companions even prompts increment in the supporting of associations with people who exist in the virtual just as the physical world. Online networking is in any event, helping kids in keeping themselves engaged. Online networking, for example, YouTube permits youngsters to share pictures, recordings, music and tasks with other internet based life clients (Harlen 122). YouTube helps kids in finding their main tunes and motion pictures and kids get to these engaging components to keep themselves occupied and engaged. Kids even offer their own recordings and tunes over YouTube to communicate before other online networking clients. OKeeffe states that web based life helps in the ââ¬Å"enhancement of individual and aggregate inventiveness through turn of events and sharing of creative and melodic endeavorsâ⬠(OKeeffe 1). There are kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-3552175604494845272020-08-22T02:23:00.001-07:002020-08-22T02:23:26.298-07:00Context of Corporate Finance and Profit Maximization â⬠Free SamplesQuestion: Talk about the Context of Corporate Finance and Ethics. Answer: Presentation With regards to corporate fund, a companys achievement is estimated by the investors riches. It has increased principal significance in the present situation as it prompts altruism of the association. The degree to which the investors are improved is regularly named as investor esteem amplification. In direct terms it alludes to the profits paid to the investors and the capital gratefulness, yet in a roundabout way it includes a ton of elements like administration activities and vital examination on zones like expense of capital, and so forth that demonstrates the sums the investors would have earned in the event that they had themselves put the sums in resources bearing comparative dangers. Along these lines, partners are essentially worried about the association that gives an enormous riches boost (Hemmer Labro, 2008). As the degree of rivalry is expanding on one hand and the essentialness on investor esteem boost is featured, then again, it is getting progressively hard for organi zations to work both suitable and morally. Here comes the differentiation between progressing nicely and doing great. As the drive for quick cash has prompted various corporate tricks, different laws and guidelines have been acquainted during the ongoing years with guarantee the moral execution of the corporate houses. Every once in a while there have been embarrassments that have shocked the corporate field and such issues happened either because of the defects in the moral gauges or because of the desire for the making of riches. It has been noticed that the desire for the production of riches prompts decay of administration and more accentuation is done on the idea of cash making (Benabou Tirole, 2010). These contentions are examined with the assistance of cases and circumstances of moral situation looked by organizations. It is, along these lines, basic that the organization must work in a way that makes investor riches and cares for the morals as well. Is Value Maximization constantly moral? The prime objective of the administration is to expand the benefit by expansion of benefits. Riches augmentation of the investor and benefit amplification must go connected at the hip. The conversation from the past demonstrates that the supervisor ought to contain monstrous consideration on the investor riches augmentation. It is significant for the firm to engage the clients, providers and different partners as though it neglects to make a stride in such manner then it may bomb in the endeavor. Worth amplification must be worried upon with massive worry as it produces altruism for the business and prompts benefits over some stretch of time (Carol et. al, 2016). While most organizations run organizations morally, there are a couple of others that hotel to untrustworthy practices. In the desire of making of riches, numerous enterprises attempt to break the moral ground. There have been numerous cases when the organizations attempted to break their moral remain to procure riches. Be that as it may, the equivalent can't be considered as moral. The line between doing gainful business and doing moral business is extremely slim, the line at times gets crossed by organizations in their endeavors to augment benefits (Patterson, 2000). A CEOs work is to amplify the income streams for investors requesting better yield on Investment however again the harmony between the expense of pushing for benefits and being a moral association must be gauged. With the expanding straightforwardness, investors are getting progressively learned towards the moral contemplations of the organizations. Over the long haul, it tends to be seen that most gainful organization s have run on moral works on during their early stages (Paradise Rogoff, 2009). Consequently morals have a basic impact and for the most part make a positive picture and notoriety for the organization. An organization that runs the procedure on a moral ground assists with gaining a positive picture and pulls in the partners. Investor riches gets augmented naturally as financial specialists wish to put resources into such organizations. The quantity of partners related with the organization gives an impression of the riches expansion of the organization (Bhattacharya Sen, 2010). Hence it tends to be reasoned that because of organizations turning to untrustworthy practices, investor riches augmentation isn't constantly moral, organizations depending on moral practices have a more drawn out remaining than unscrupulous organizations. Most importantly esteem augmentation isn't constantly moral however there are moral methods of accomplishing esteem boost in the useful sense. Thus, it is the obligation of the supervisors to drive the organization in the right way and make a circumstance that will assist with conveying according to the forecast. Riches expansion must be the target yet ought not be done at the expense of different variables. The supervisors must guarantee execution of solid moral principles that helps in making a positive domain where the activities are in order to the administrative system (Kruger, 2015). It assists with boosting riches and even serves the partners on the loose. Strife between progressing nicely and doing great Doing great demonstrates that the organization is acting in accordance with the pertinent laws and guidelines with sufficient expert information, experience, and skill. The open will acknowledge this work because of high caliber and greatness. Money related contemplations are high and investor gains are additionally apparent. In this way, doing great is a positive situation for the organization as it demonstrates a solid exhibition. Doing great need not be consistently for money related thought as the goal to profit the general public and the network everywhere assumes an essential position. The aims are honorable with a thought process to fix things in the general public (Edwards, 2015). In this manner there is more spotlight on corporate social obligation and feasible business wherein benefit intention isn't essential. In this manner the contention here is that benefit is the essential intention in progressing nicely though administration is the essential thought process in doing great. Clashes emerge in strategic policies that are focused on benefit expansion. It is tied in with bringing in cash and rolling out an improvement in the general public. The exchange offs and battles between progressing admirably and doing great need to be gauged (Rebel, 2016). The interests are not the equivalent in the two cases, making it hard to confront the difficulties that lie ahead. It is an examination between socially capable associations and a couple of reckless ones (Albuquerque et. al, 2013). It is additionally like the examination between the benefit setting choices and expectations of social changes. Amidst these contentions, the present and pragmatic situation is characteristic that business sectors are having a critical task to carry out in the social change. There is no limit for expanding the bliss or prosperity of the people in the general public, yet giving a fundamental least pay level in accordance with the expanding expansion and general value record should be the intention in both the cases. In this way there are clashes between progressing admirably and doing great regarding the manner in which organizations are run and various benefits created. Government guidelines tilting towards Doing Good if there should be an occurrence of Conflicts An organization is a different lawful element and the leading body of the board is a working body delegated by the investors for taking care of the everyday undertakings of the business. Be that as it may, with the expanding eagerness of the Board and investors, organizations have turned to deceitful and ill-conceived methods of gaining quick cash which has offered ascend to a couple of significant enactments; the most explicit ones are the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and Dodd-Frank Act (Blokhin, 2015). With the due section of time, there has been a colossal change in the moral standard of the organization and this has been finished thinking about the target of riches amplification. In this way, rules and guidelines have been confined with the goal that the financial specialists are not tricked. Sarbanes-Oxley Act was spent in the year 2002 to shield the financial specialists from deceitful bookkeeping and detailing by enterprises. There are severe commands regarding money related divulgences and sufficiency of interior controls. The executives confirmations are gotten on every single huge territory like the precision of fiscal summaries in this manner fortifying the corporate oversight. Speculators need to realize that the money related data they are depending upon is honest and confirmed by free outsiders. Divulgences identifying with shaky sheet things and commitments, huge money related issues are additionally set up (Rebel, 2016). There are expensive ramifications like punishments as fines and furthermore detainment for the infringement. Sarbanes-Oxley Act was a significant milestone and it came into activity after a not insignificant rundown of outrages (Kacperczyk, 2009). It worries to give a lift to the review boards of trustees, the foundation of interior control te sts, fiscal report precision, and so on. Further, it stresses punishments with regards to extortion and even gives how the organizations ought to work. The principle worry of the demonstration is to fortify the review board of trustees and changes the monetary situation fundamentally. Dodd-Frank Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act was instituted in the year 2010. The incredible downturn prompted money related misfortunes and dangerous market execution. The Act intended to make budgetary frameworks progressively responsible and straightforward, to keep foundations from getting too large to come up short and to end the legislature bailouts supported by citizens and to end the unsafe and harsh money related practices (Mangena, 2007). There are observing and rebuilding of organizations that have gotten monetarily unsafe or frail. Along these lines the effectiveness and exactness of organizations are improved. It very well may be along these lines seen that in both these guidelines required arrangements regarding moral business, budgetary straightforwardness and exposures are sanctioned and there are severe arrangements on infringement of the equivalent. Benefit boost isn't the rationale of these demonstrations and in this way it is tilted tow kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-33582711664342768442020-07-25T08:07:00.001-07:002020-07-25T08:07:03.900-07:00The Story of TonightThe Story of Tonight Satisfied It hit me just a little while ago, that today is November 1st. Its been exactly two years since I pressed the submit button on my MIT application. In the span of a lifetime, two years is really not that long. And yet here I am, struggling to remember just exactly where I was 2 years ago. I have other things on my mind. The thermodynamics midterm next week. The mini prep and plate replications I have to do in lab tomorrow. The list of internship applications I need to fill out. The morning alarm clock that will pull me out of bed with only five hours of sleep. Im stuck in between the lines of my to-do list. In between my hour-by-hour schedule. But today is November 1st. Its been exactly two years since I pressed the submit button on my MIT application. Its also been exactly one week since I watched Hamilton on tour. An entire week of attempting to do justice to one of the most beautiful productions of theatre. Of writing and editing and deleting. And writing again. The only way to really describe the experience of watching Hamilton is to compare it to finishing a really good book. The lights begin to dim. The background music picks up. The spotlight sharply points to the set. The hall goes silent as hundreds of individual breaths are held in still air. One last moment to yourself before youre pulled out of your seat into a three hour hullabaloo of interminable giggling, under breath singing, rhythmic stomping, loud chuckling and silent sobbing. You spend hours indulged into it. Reality and fiction become a big blur. You start to see things through the eyes of the characters. You smile when they smile, cry when they cry. And through it all you learn a little bit more about the world around you. The world in you. An arrow pointing right Previous An arrow pointing right Next And then you make it to the last page of the novel. The last song. The last sentence. The last lyric. And then itâs over. You donât know what to do with yourself anymore. And so you do the two things you can do: listen to the playlist on repeat and attempt to make sense of it all by writing a blog post. So here it goes. Satisfied As I made way to my seat, the air buzzed with a refreshing sense of anticipation and excitement. I took a look around at the sea of people brought together on a mundane Thursday night. It hit me then, in that very moment, that I had zero clue as to what to expect. I had never listened to the Hamilton soundtrack in its entirety. I knew as much about Alexander as AP US History teaches. And well, it looked like everyone around me was better equipped going in. My friends tell me that I had the better experience because of it. I was experiencing everything for the first time in the most unguided way possible. I shimmied along with King George. I sang along to Dear Theodosia. I laughed along with Thomas Jefferson. I felt the need to jump out of my seat for Hamilton. I cried MULTIPLE TIMES. And to be honest, it was refreshing. It made me feel a bit more human. Senior year, my life mantra was when was the last time you did something for the first time? Theres just something about experiencing something new. Something different. Perhaps its the realization that those experiences make you a different person. That they pick you off of your feet and gently drop you a few steps ahead. And even if its in the smallest of ways, youve changed because of it. And change keeps life interesting. I needed a reminder of that. Raise Your Glass To Freedom Sophomore year has been hard. Its been challenging in ways freshman-year Afeefah didnt think possible. Its become a routine of going to bed incredibly late. Of waking up early. Of starting my day by making a list for the rest of the day. Because suddenly, things seems to be moving faster than I can keep up with. It feels like I dont have enough time to get all the things I want to get done. And so I make a list. Because making a list is the first step to optimization? Right? But sometimes things cant be planned. Because spontaneity is good. And stepping away from campus and taking an Uber down to the Boston Opera House and spending three hours of your life sitting in a theatre, followed by an hour of stage dooring in the cold is an experience that cant be written down. It required throwing psets aside for later and sacrificing a few hours of sleep. It required going with the flow. It required putting my phone aside so that I constantly didnt check time. To a certain extent, Ive become a prisoner to my attempt to become more systematic and more disciplined. And in doing so, Ive forgotten the importance of balance. Of sometimes stepping away from work. Of leaving campus for a while. Of temporarily freeing myself from the interminable responsibilities and tasks I have. Because life isnt meant to be reduced to a list of things to do. Not Gonna Throw Away My Shot In the midst of all of this, I often forget where I am in life. That at some point, Ill look back at these four years. And Ill think about how they changed me. Hopefully for the better. Sometimes, in the moment, we get so focused on the struggles we face. That we forget what were struggling for in the first place. I havent had a single midterm go well this semester. And if anything its broken my self esteem into millions of little pieces. Its left me young, scrappy, and hungry. There have been too many nights of going to bed feeling defeated. Of waking up in the morning feeling drained and tired from constantly trying and not meeting my self expectations. It hits me though, in small doses, that this is my shot. My shot to do something with myself. To become a better version of myself. To shape tomorrow in whatever way I choose. To do something for others. And every day is a new shot. A new chance to wake up excited in the morning. To learn from the people around me. To meet someone new. To foster new friendships. To create storylines and memory pipelines for a lifetime. Its been two years since my journey with MIT began. Since a poster on my wall suddenly became my everyday reality. Im still not sure why Im here. I still wonder to myself what part of me someone else loved enough to let me in. Because to be honest, Im at a point in my life where I really dont know who I am. I dont know what my strengths and weaknesses are. I dont know what my selling point is. But I guess thats the fun of it. Not knowing where Im headed, but knowing that I am blessed and fortunate enough to have shots in the first place. Youll Blow Us All Away Someday, someday. When I look back at senior year, there are many people that come to mind. My parents, who listened to my constant complaining. Who gave me the space I needed when I was swamped with work. Who would bring food to me when I refused to get up to go eat. Who stood with me in moments of success and sat with me in moments of tears. Who constantly reminded me that I didnt need to prove myself to anyone. My brother, who always made sure I blew off steam. Who was the comic relief in months of overwhelming stress and essay writing. My grandparents, my aunts, my uncles, my cousins, who were always a FaceTime call away. Who were a world separate from the encompassing universe of college applications. My teachers, whose doors were always open after school. Who read over my essays over and over again with patience. Who supported me to the very last minute. My college counselor, who sat with me the evening before my MIT interview to run through a mock. Who assured me, when I was stressed out of m y mind, that all I had to do was believe in the person I was. My friends, who had their own essays to write, and yet would help edit mine. Who were constant reminders of the fleeting nature of senior year. I like to think about all of these people frequently. Because it really does take a village to raise a child. And if I am where I am in life today, I choose to believe that its in majority due to the people I have been fortunate enough to have in my life. Thinking about those people gives me motivation when I feel like I have none left. And if I keep working at, maybe someday, someday. I might just blow them all away. Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Tells Your Story Watching Hamilton was an affirmation of just how much I love biographies. I love watching them. I love reading them. I love being able to see what a person starts off as and what they ultimately become. To trace back the story of their life. The real beauty comes in realizing that every day is another page of our own personal biography. That were all in the process of writing one bit by bit. And sure, it might not make it to the bookshelves years from now. But that doesnt matter. Because biographies are powerful regardless. Because every second of the day directs our story forward. And as we write our biographies, we dont know where the plot is headed. To a certain extent, life may be writing huge chunks of the biography for us. But you ultimately get to dictate how its told. And thats pretty empowering. And I guess thats my new goal. To take every moment as another addition to the story of me. And perhaps whats even more appealing is being able to look back at the story youve written so far. To think that senior-year Afeefah couldnt possibly have comprehended being in Boston a short two years later. And to think that I now have 19 years of life to look back at. 19 years to be proud of. And that day by day my biography only moves forward. To those currently submerged in college applications, a few things to remember: Seek new experiences. Take breaks. Be spontaneous. Appreciate the people in your life. And most of all enjoy it all. Youre in the process of writing a new chapter for your biography. And when you feel ready for it, consider reading it out loud. Id love to hear all about it. Post Tagged #Applying #Broadway #Deep Breaths #Hamilton #November First #Writing Your Biography kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-36888932328695797692020-05-22T08:09:00.001-07:002020-05-22T08:09:02.756-07:00Analysis Of The Great Gatsby - 1526 Words Final Essay Prompts Write a 750 word essay in response to one of the following prompts. Be sure to include at least three quotes from the texts. 1. The American Dream--as it arose in the Colonial period and developed in the nineteenth century--was based on the assumption that each person, no matter what his or her origins, could succeed in life on the sole basis of his or her own skill and effort. The Great Gatsby is a novel about what happened to the American dream in the 1920s, a period when the old values that gave substance to the dream had been corrupted by the vulgar pursuit of wealth. What Fitzgerald seems to be criticizing in The Great Gatsby is not the American Dream itself but the corruption of the American Dream. What wasâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦3. The ââ¬Å"upper classes lack of integrityâ⬠is one of the prominent themes throughout the novel. Sometimes Fitzgerald uses the word ââ¬Å"carelessâ⬠to sum up this important idea in the book. Nick refers to Jordan, Tom, and Daisy as careless in one form or another. Their actions are careless and they are careless people. This is due to the ease of their life. These people live the decadent life of the roaring twenties that many of the writers of this era were criticizing. The mindless, indulgent, irresponsible lifestyle where consequence is just an afterthought. Fitzgerald uses these characters to expose this life with their selfish actions. It has been said that this is a statement of the moral differences in the social classes. Fitzgeraldââ¬â¢s story shows the clear delineations between different social/economic classes: new money/ old money, ââ¬Å"the havesâ⬠/ ââ¬Å"the have-nots.â⬠How are readers to interpret his comments on each of these groups? Does he hold any one group above the other? Are there ways in which people of all groups are alike? How are these ideas shown in the text? Answer yes or no to the questions with an explanation. Do some brainstorming of these questions. Think about the prompt. What do you want to write about? Spend more than a few minutes with each prompt. Mackenzie White English 3 honors Ms. Maggert The Great Gatsby In life we are all ranked in social and economical classes, meaning we are onShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby Analysis1274 Words à |à 6 PagesAlthough the timeline is kept vague in The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald makes it clear that his work of art is based in the early 1920ââ¬â¢s between World War I and the Prohibition. This was a transitional period in the United States. America changed after the war and as a result, so did life. The idea of the perfect life fluctuated as troops began flooding back to the United States, migrating to cities, picking up jobs, and buying houses for their new or planned families. The economy was boomingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Great Gatsby 857 Words à |à 4 PagesEnglish 3 3 February, 2016 The Great Gatsby Character Analysis Essay: Jay Gatsby ââ¬Å"It is easier to live through someone elseââ¬â¢s existence than to complete yourself. The freedom to lead and plan your own life is frightening if you have never faced it before. It is frightening when a man finally realizes that there is no answer to the question who am I except the voice inside himself.â⬠(Betty Friedan). If the name ââ¬Å"Gatsbyâ⬠was fraudulent, then perhaps the description ââ¬Å"greatâ⬠in the title of the bookRead MoreGreat Gatsby Analysis1551 Words à |à 7 PagesSmithley Vil Mr.Haughey World Literature 10 October 2012 Gatsby Analysis Isolation is a significant and recurring theme throughout the novel ââ¬Å"The Great Gatsbyâ⬠, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, that has had a great impact on its characters. A few in particular are Nick Carraway, Daisy Buchanan, and ââ¬Å"Jay Gatsbyâ⬠. Nick who appears to be everyoneââ¬â¢s closest friend and confidante when he is really the most alienated character in the novel. Daisy Buchanan who feels alone and ignored, even while married, withRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Analysis5626 Words à |à 23 PagesIntroduction ââ¬Å"The Great Gatsbyâ⬠à is aà novelà by theà Americanà authorà F. Scott Fitzgerald. First published in 1925, it is set onà Long Islandsà North Shoreà and inà New York Cityà from spring to autumn of 1922. The novel takes place following theà First World War. American society enjoyed prosperity during the ââ¬Å"roaringâ⬠à as the economy soared. At the sameRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Written Analysis876 Words à |à 4 Pages Gatsby is Whipped (An Analysis of The Great Gatsby written by F. Scott Fitzgerald) F. Scott Fitzgerald is arguably one of the greatest writers to ever come to earth. In the 20th century, he wrote far beyond his time, and wrote about topics that others were afraid to bring up. ââ¬Å"Genius is the ability to put into effect what is on your mind.â⬠(Fitzgerald) One of his better known novels, The Great Gatsby, brings up several diverse and arguable topics, but also presents many messages too. The threeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby 839 Words à |à 4 PagesMia Mooko AP Lang. Summer Assignment 30 July 2016 The Great Gatsby Section One: 1. By the third paragraph of the third chapter, verb tense changes. What is the effect of this change, or what do you think it s purpose is? When describing Gatsby s parties, Fitzgerald switches from past to present tense not only to make the reader feel as if they are engulfed in the festivities, but to also emphasize the repetitiveness and predictability of his parties. By using present tense, the readerRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Great Gatsby 1490 Words à |à 6 PagesJaylinn Cooper Mrs. Fowler English III March 3, 2017 Literary Analysis of The Great Gatsby The 1920s in America, known as the Roaring Twenties, was a time of celebration after a destructive war. It was a period of time in America characterised by prosperity and optimism. There was a general feeling of disruption associated with modernity and a break with traditions.The Roaring Twenties was a time of great economic prosperity and many people became rich and wealthy. Some people inherited oldRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Book Analysis1016 Words à |à 5 Pagesthoughts by expanding my knowledge on deeper meanings and symbolism in literature. Before reading The Great Gatsby, it was just a book about a man who had great wealth and threw many extravagant parties to get the attention of a woman named Daisy Buchanan. After further analysis, I discovered there was a deeper meaning to almost everything that I had read. The whole plot of the book The Great Gatsby has an entire different meaning if you look past the surface of the book. Throughout this story youRead MoreAnalysis Of Money In The Great Gatsby1111 Words à |à 5 Pages(Literary analysis on The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald) Gold diggers are commonly known as women that only go after a guy because of the money that he has. The said women doesnââ¬â¢t even need to love the man just to have the money is enough to keep her around on him. Often times there is a man that really does like this lady, but because he doesnââ¬â¢t have money he never gets with her. What if this man without the money decide he would do anything to get money to impress the girl. The Great Gatsby byRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Character Analysis956 Words à |à 4 PagesIn the book, The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, there is a strong message about the social class systems about the societies that exists between them. First, there are people like the Buchanans and Jordan Baker who were born into wealth and never really had to work for their money. Secondly, The new money people who can never really be like them, inherently because they have had to work for their money and sometimes finding it had been rough while doing so. (Houghton Mifflin) In kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-77957087564344809952020-05-08T05:55:00.001-07:002020-05-08T05:55:02.849-07:00Industrial/Organizational Psychology Paper - 794 Words Are you fit to be an Industrial or Organizational Psychologist? Most would say yes in a heartbeat Industrial psychologists associate themselves with people in the workplace. Industrial psychology is often called personnel psychology, which is directly related to the field also known as organizational psychology. Usually industrial psychologists evaluate the differences between individual workers and also individual jobs. Organizational psychologists normally seek the understanding of how workers function in an organization and also the role of the organization in society. What is Organizational/ Industrial Psychology Organizational/ Industrial Psychology is the study of activities in work environment. Industrial and Organizationalâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The Evolution of Organizational/ Industrial Psychology I/O psychology is a fairly new field in the world of psychology. Industrial Psychology didnââ¬â¢t become fully functional until the late 1920s. Prior to the late 1920s, several individuals had started to improve the workplace. Differential psychology, which became known during WW I, was the root of improving the workplace. It paid close attention in on how people are different but was not very successful in helping with ones job. The second idea was experimental psychology. This branch attempted to treat everyone as the same and tried to define laws in how people are similar. It also failed. . The third idea was scientific management (Newman, B. M. (2006). This was the idea that there is only one best way to perform a job. It was based on the fact that money is an incentive and left out the idea of job satisfaction. The last factor that helped I/O psychology become famous was the human relations movement. This particular movement wanted to keep people happy through motivation along with job satisfaction (Passer, Smith 2005). It also led to the Hawthorne Studies, which was the true start of I/O psychology. Elton Mayo at the Western Electric Company started the Hawthorne Studies from about 1927-1932. Several things that came about during this study was that a work environment must be seen as a social organization not just a productive organization, this would include making decisions toShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Psychology Paper Psy 428924 Words à |à 4 PagesOrganizational Psychology Paper Shanna Brookins PSY/428 12/12/2011 Organizational Psychology Paper Introduction Organizational psychology is the study of a formal organization and how individuals and groups act within that organization; in other words, the scientific study of the workplace. The goal of organizational psychology is to help organizations function the best way possible. This is achieved by helping people understand their interactions with each other and create an environmentRead MoreI/O Psychology Paper788 Words à |à 4 PagesIndustrial/Organizational Psychology Pamela Groves PSY/435 January 7, 2012 Frank Del Grosso Jr. Industrial/Organizational Psychology The paper will examine the evolution of the field of industrial/organizational psychology, and how industrial/organizational psychology is different from other disciplines in psychology. Industrial/organization psychology can be used in organizations and it focuses on the employees performance and how to make it better. The report will include the role of researchRead MoreIn society jobs are very important to the communitiy .Jobs are nessary to obtain a society and800 Words à |à 4 Pageslook at Industrial organizational psychology to a specific job we muse ananlysis a specific job in a particular work organization. First ,we must understand the meaning of industrial/organizational psychology is described as the I-O psychology this foucuses on the work place producitity and realted issues like for instance mental and physical .The psychologist mainly study the attidudes the actions of the employees .Investaging compaines .when someone thinks of industrial organizational psychologyRead MoreIndustrial Organizational Psychology : How Or If They Are Correctly Based On Past And Current Research1259 Words à |à 6 PagesIndustrial Organizational psychology (I/O psychology) is the study of human behavior in the workplace or organizational settings. The study of Industrial Organizational psychology is used to conduct research in order to develop and apply solutions to conflicts in an organizational setting (Spector, 2011, p. 5). This paper will highlight topics of Industrial Organizational psychology in the film ANTZ and analyze how or if they are correctly based on past and current research used in the field. TheRead MoreDiscourse Communities Essay1273 Words à |à 6 Pagesw riting. Members of discourse communities provide information and feedback that are imperative in order for that discourse community to grow. In the following paper, I will discuss three discourse communities and a genre that they typically use: people who read Nutritional Facts religiously, college students, and industrial organizational psychologists. To begin with, the first discourse community that I will discuss is people who habitually look at Nutritional facts. The Nutrition Facts LabelRead MoreMy Vision And Plans For Personnel Psychology1575 Words à |à 7 Pagesp. 1) launched Personnel Psychology over 60 years ago. Then, as now, Personnel Psychology was centrally concerned with the study of people at work. As the new editorial team begins its term, I want to take this opportunity to share my vision and plans for Personnel Psychology. To understand where we are heading, however, it is helpful to first consider where Personnel Psychology has been. As former editor John Hollenbeck noted when describing some of Personnel Psychology s past ground-breaking researchRead MoreMobley Turnover Model1892 Words à |à 8 PagesoblJournal of Applied Psychology 1977, Vol. 62, No. 2, 237-240 Intermediate Linkages in the Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Employee Turnover William H. Mobley University of South Carolina The relationship between job satisfaction and turnover is significant and consistent, but not particularly strong. A more complete understanding of the psychology of the withdrawal decision process requires investigation beyond the replication of the satisfaction-turnover relationship. Toward this endRead MoreThe Impact Of Applied And Behaviorist Psychology On The Field Of Psychology1327 Words à |à 6 PagesImpact of Applied and Behaviorist Psychology on the Field In this paper I will discuss the impact that applied and behaviorist psychology has had on the field of psychology. J. R. Angell at the University of Chicago is possibly one of the most advanced of the functional psychologists, predicted that American psychology was prepared for better objectivity. In 1910, he stated that it is possible that the term consciousness would more than likely vanish from psychology, even more than the term soul hadRead MoreMotivation Research : Curiosity And Career Related962 Words à |à 4 Pages Assignment Paper 1 My motivation to do research is both curiosity and career related. I like the idea of living life by asking questions and figuring out why things work the way they do. I feel like it is more beneficial to me to ask clarifying and probing questions; to be content with the state of a problem is to stop looking for more. In a career setting, I recognize the importance of research to a psychology graduate program. Graduate school is centered around a large-scale research project.Read MoreHuman Resource Management And Organizational Success1516 Words à |à 7 PagesAbstract The authorââ¬â¢s purpose for this paper is to broaden the readers understanding of the role human resource management plays within the context of both employee and organizational success. This paper begins with a look at the historical roots that lay the foundation for the growing need of human resource management (HRM). Some histories believe that HRM can be traced back to medieval times while other argue that human resources functions were not clearly grouped together and identified until kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-26769784001035204942020-05-06T09:34:00.001-07:002020-05-06T09:34:42.185-07:00Challenges Faced by the Steel Industry Free Essays Challenges faced by the steel industry Introduction3 Challenges faced by the steel industry3 Conclusion13 Work cited During the 1950s,the European steel market, steel production and import unrelentingly augmented. This created surplus provisions on the promotion of the Six. Due to this, there was deterioration of the market together with its selling value. We will write a custom essay sample on Challenges Faced by the Steel Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now This drop continued as a result of antagonism from inexpensive introductions from eastern nations. Therefore, the European steel industry was actually positioned at a drawback for the reason that its cost prices were higher than those of its contestants (Steel Industry and the Environment p. 1). Consequently, there was a proposal from the High Authority that there should be limitations in the import steel from third countries and also increase in the convention tariff by a certain percentage. This proposal brought concern to the European administration and industry, which feared that their operating associates would take castigatory procedures. In the year 1963, the High power, during the reign of the Italian President Dino Del Bo, there was a proposal of the ordinary viable guiding principle. On the other hand, the administrations differed on the concern that, the level of fortification was only afforded for by the ordinary exterior tariff (Steel Industry and the Environment p. 1). Therefore, the High power made use of its authorities in order for there to be adoption of a number of proposals which included, the mandatory where there was concern of there aspirations. Though there was a suggestion of an option in regard to the means of achieving the aims. This offered an invitation to the administrations in order for there to be a set up of tangential fortification at a level which is at a minimum height of 9 %. This was, at an instance where there was a requirement by Italy. This was later followed by the French Government criticism that the alternative had been made to the supranational technique, though this was the only available alternative despite the divergence amid the administrations. In the end, there was a challenge by the role of the High Authority, by numerous administrations, which turned to be a question once again (The European Steel Industry p. 6). The encouraging substance outcome attained during 2004 by the steel mills are still being working out their optimistic impact on the in general movement of this commerce throughout the first half of 2005. There has been a great cover on the stipulation for the steel inventions on the entire manufacture of the first section regardless of the increase in the quantity of mills. Therefore, there has been augmentation in their production, which in turn will offer response to the promotion necessities that have confirmed a stipulation in the expansion, even though this has emerged lethargic in some areas and burly in others (The European Steel Industry p. 6). The Arab area was possibly among those main sections, which have observed an augment in manufacture of, and also stipulation for the steel products throughout the first quarter of this year. In most it has been made known that the construction statistics of the most prolific nations in the Arab region have exposed an augment in the production expansion speed of extended and level manufactures. According to the predictions of the International Iron and Steel Institute (IISI) the global stipulation for the steel creations there was an observed growth of 3. 7% throughout the year of 2005. Therefore, there is an expected increase in the demand by the IISI that the stipulation will surpass one billion tons for the first time that is up by 36 million tons in comparison to 2004 (Challenges and Opportunities of Steel industry . . 1). According to Areclor, which is the largest steel manufacturer globally, there has been a contradiction in the views expressed by number of companies in the decision making in the reduction of their own production due to the slowdown in the demand and also in the maintenance of the supply or stipulation demand. All this is in spite of the growth of t he statistics, which point out to the augmentation in stipulation and an increase in the production in a number of regions in the globe (ââ¬Å"Analysis of economic indicators of the EU metals industry p. 1). This has led to the declaration that there will be reduction in the manufacture of even formations by a number of tons in the first half of that year due to the low stipulation in the promotion of the European Union. Although, this decrease unreservedly aspires at offering support to the advertising costs that the company has already publicized. This has clinched an augmentation of Euro 15/ton effectual early in the second quarter. The second largest steel producer, ââ¬Å"Mittal Steelâ⬠, provided some analysis that opted to taking comparable applications to that of Arcelor (ââ¬Å"Analysis of economic indicators of the EU metals industry p. ) This offered assistance in the reduction of the creations within the perception of the requirement of upholding the provisions and stipulation stability of sustaining the values at the cost of measure. Therefore, that is what the steel industries have been determined to attain in 2005, particularly after the augmentations that took place i n the prices of the raw substance. Particularly, the iron ore industry, which had indentures concluded in the year 2005 with an augment of up to 71. 5% over the stage of preceding year. There may be an illustration to a new path for this steel manufacturing during this year (The European Steel Industry p. 6). Therefore, this tendency of the modifications observed by the global steel markets, which are determined in the light of the promotion actions and through the proposals which were being taken by the main corporations. This controlled the majority of the steel production internationally, which may depict a new path for this production during that year. This track was set as a foundation on viewpoint punctuality from, sustaining value at the cost of measure. Therefore, this may somehow or one more, signify that the steel cost will keep on going in the same drift observed by the steel creations during 2004 in addition to the first quarter of 2005, to be precise, the increasing tendency of prices. Therefore, this may lead to the increase on the complexities facing the steel customers in a number of the main overwhelming segments at the front of which are the sectors of building, manufacturing productions and cylinders and conduit manufacturing (The European Steel Industry p. ). The Arab steel manufacturing saw an apparent enlargement throughout the year 2004 and early 2005. Therefore, this development is symbolized in escalating the manufacture, which had a powerful justification in entering into indenture on the measure manufactured throughout the first quarter and measures of some fractions of that year. There must be a stimulation of the necessity of making as a severe review of the situation of the markets as to take into deliberation of the well-matched provisions and stipulations. This is all in order to shun any saturation under the force of the requirements of manufacturers for there to be an augmentation in the production which may result in a turn down in cost and materialization of the price antagonism in the promotions. Despite, there was a hold back, which commenced to come into continuation for a number of steel creations in a number of promotions (The European Steel Industry p. 8). The monetary recuperation experienced by most Arab promotions because of the high gas and oil costs comprised an encouragement to the surroundings for the affluence of the preponderance of the other different divisions. This led to the prevention of the quick appearance of the holding back circumstances of stipulation in some intense segments. Nevertheless, this delay came into continuation when the steel overwhelming segments became powerless in the take up of the sustained augment in the cost of the produces, which may enlarge into a higher enlargement in the prospect (The European Steel Industry p. 8). The increase observed in the steel costs, which were further than many prospects, stand in itself occasions and confronts. These occasions were to be made use of, hence requiring that the confrontations should have been examined that the steel manufacturers will be required to maintain the explosion, which it has observed. This detonation was given a productive suggestion in the enhanced circumstances of the steel industries, which have also offered contribution to inspiration of the expansion procedures of the steel manufacturing. This is only achieved by having reflections of coming up with a number of many innovative developments (The European Steel Industry p. 6. ). Privatization of the European steel manufacturing has made a significant move in the direction of a more competent manufacturing organization. The major confrontation of the industry is the post-privatization and is required to convene the prospect of the industryââ¬â¢s innovative stakeholders. This is in different to the administrations, classified shareholders who in turn have different or even more monetarily familiarized objectives. Those industries that are possessed by the state have more focus on the maintenance of the production volume in order to secure jobs rather than on their end product presentation. Differently in the case of the private shareholder, there is more focus on the average return, which implies that there is a look into the enjoyment of the price of the share together with its bonuses. This takes place over a given period of time in order for theyââ¬â¢re to be an evaluation of the presentation of the reserves of the steel markets (Directorate Science, Technology And Industry p. 2). . More and more, the European steel market is required to have an international competition with other different segments in the steel industry for capital to investment prospects. Therefore, the steel industry is required to show and at the same time demonstrate the worth formation possible of their approaches to the worldwide monetary society. Increase in the concealed possession and commercial awareness has offered assiststance to the steel corporations to function outside countrywide limitations and optimize their possessions organizations in the European background, focusing construction mainly in superior worth creations that are added. Over a number of years, the European steel makers have combined productions, exchanged possessions, cooperative undertaking, easing unity of the European steel industry (Metal Bulletin Research p. 1). In the opening new Challenges in the industry, if continued at present circumstances, the companyââ¬â¢s improvement is likely to put additional damage on the energy, carbon dioxide and on our ecological trail in universally and also the raw material possessions. Other challenges that come about in this steel industry will be due to the high anticipation on the increase of energy stipulation. Therefore, the demand in energy will add to with about 60 % amid 2002 and 2030. In excess of 66% of the augment in global power stipulation amid 2002 and 2030 is likely to originate from those nations that are on the rise. Such countries are particularly in Asia. Also China counts for over 20% of the entire augment (Metal Bulletin Research p. 1). In the enhancement of the carbon dioxide confrontation, there is a likeliness of ArcelorMittal decreased carbon dioxide emanations by over 20% since 1990, through scientific expansion and reservations. Therefore this consequence surpasses the European Kyoto target by about two and half times. Although there is still much further development to comprehend as steel creation in countries, for instance like the CIS or China has a much higher carbon dioxide emanation speed, up to two times the heights which are allowed in, North America and Western Europe (The European Steel Industry 2001 p. 6. ). Despite all the challenges, there is no jeopardy of shortage, although a number of features are likely to lead to a good deal of lower quality resources. There are also, steel corporations that offer protection to their enduring supplies through upright incorporation. Since 1999, there has been an increase in the stipulation in the world steel steadily. Nevertheless, this augmentation has been in acceleration since 2002 and has symbolized up to around 50 million tones additional yearly. In 2003, there was an increase in the world steel expenditure increased by about 6. 6% measuring up to 2002, and additional enhancement by 6% in 2004 and 5% in 2005 were in expectation (Directorate Science, Technology And Industry p. 2). This strong rush in the consumption of steel is as a consequence of the spectacular acceleration of familial steel in terms of its stipulations in China where there has been an average of 2. 6% yearly steel consumption that had been increasing by over the time 1995 to 2000. This augmentation has been by some 25% yearly ever since 2001 and there is an anticipated growth which is likely to take place at a rate which is a very fast pace also in both 2004 and 2005. In comparison to this, there was a decline in the consumption of steel in the rest of the world by 4. 2% in 2001 and since then there has been an annual rate of 2. % (Directorate Science, Technology And Industry p. 2). There was a turn down in the steel expenditure OECD region by 0. 5% in 2003, which was a total difference to the year 2002. This therefore, gave an indication of an 8. 9% reduction in North America that counterbalanced a 2. 6% add to in Europe and a 4. 5% augmentation in the Asian-Pacific region. Due to the bett er economic conditions in the region during 2004, the steel expenses in the OECD were anticipated to rise by nearly 3%, with the North American as the promotion grasped most of the augmentation (+5. 7%) and more reasonable increase in Europe (+2. %) and Asia (+1. 3%). Therefore, the tendency was anticipated to persist also in 2005 (Directorate Science, Technology And Industry p. 2). Other many challenges that are facing the steel industry, include, the increase in the considerable steel prices that has led to more generation of profit in the industry of steel. However this has also led to the reduction in the limitations due to the spectacular add to in prices of raw materials and shipment. There are also some jeopardizes of the scarcity for scrap and coke that help in the process of manufacturing steel. Therefore, the important enlargement in prices of most steel creations at the commencement of 2004 created troubles for many industries that were consumed steel (The European Steel Industry 2001 p. 3. ) There was an expectation that, as the cost of the raw materials begged off within that year, there was anticipation that the cost of steel was likely to stay put at comparatively high heights for the rest of that year. In common with the augmentation in the cost of the raw material, there was a dramatic increase in the transportation costs. Also there was an increase in the contract charges for huge vessels which augmented fourfold in a single years, as of 17 000 $/day in January 2003 to 68 000 $/day in early 2004. However afterwards, the rates of shipment began to decline and were likely continue with the decline taking into consideration the limitations on loaning that was introduced by the Chinese administration in order to deliberate the expansion (Directorate Science, Technology And Industry p. 2). In the current years, the opening between aptitude and manufacture condensed. This lessening in the past few years was mainly significant in the OECD region, where steel-manufacturing aptitude had confirmed a net decrease of about 41. 5 million tones, or 6. 7%; a further net reduction of some 15 million tones which was anticipated by 2005. In the NIS, most of the outdated unproductive surplus aptitude has been blocked. Though, with the increase in the familial stipulation and a high level of exports, a number of innovative capacities are anticipated to come on stream in the near prospect. Also pressure and complexities in raw substance markets lasted up to the end of 2005, by which time alterations that were expected by contractors assist in the easing of the complexities (Directorate Science, Technology And Industry p. 2). There are also a number of challenges that are faced by the steel industry. They include, the steel market is experiencing a holding back in the stipulation. This is happening in both the restricted and worldwide face. Therefore, due to this, there are a number of smaller producers who are really far prolonged with arrears, and are taking damage. At that height of the promotion, there are clear indications of the effects of the deceleration. There are a number of key reasons that are accountable for the turn down of the stipulation in the steel industry. The initial cause is the rate of interest indecision that has put anxiety on the customer expenditure, in general. There is also a condensed customer expense that has affected all industries to some level (Woodley, et al p. 6). As there is reduction in the expenditure of the customers in the chain value, there is a reduction in the volumes and profits of the retailers and, in turn, the contractors and manufacturers. This clearly indicates that once there is talk in the reduction of the interest rate, there is a likeliness of the opinions of people turning positive hence leading to more expenditure from the customers. The other reason that has led to the economic deceleration is the international sub prime, which commenced in the US and has been making effect throughout the monetary markets globally. Therefore, there is anticipation since the nation is still waiting to see if it will get affected. Therefore, the impact of the US hold back is likely to be insightful and it is important for the world to work through it and the extremes of the precedent (Woodley, et al p. 6). Conclusion The steel industry has had a number of challenges that have had a great impact in the sector hence lowering its income. They include, the steel market experiencing a holding back in the stipulation. This is happening in both the restricted and worldwide face. Therefore, from the observation, there is a clear indication that the steel industry had had it all in terms of its economy, demand and supply. There is a likeliness of the company observing an augmentation in its stipulation for all cold-rolled, thin measure stainless steel. This is because the cookery facilities are generally among the last things to be improved prior to any event like that (Woodley, et al p. 8). Therefore, in spite of the recession experienced in universally, there is likeliness that there has been fragmentation in the stainless steel market, as the tank-tainer promotion explodes in harsh contrast with the rest of the industry. This kind of trend is not rare in the stainless steel industry in addition to the carbon steel industry. This is because the possessions have got an extensive variety of submissions together with their duration of use on many potentially contradictory markets. Therefore, there is a possibility of a number of divisions in the promotion showing an improvement while others indicate a recession. Therefore, this is not a bad thing in the industry of steel though the most important thing is for the steel market to be prepared for the challenges Woodley, et al p. 6) Work cited ââ¬Å"Analysis of economic indicators of the EU metals industry: the impact of raw materials and energy supply on competitiveness. â⬠European Commission, 2006 ââ¬Å"Challenges and Opportunities of Steel industryâ⬠2005. 31March 209 http://www. arabsteel. info/total/long_editor_last_e. asp? ID=18 Dirctorate Science, Technology And Industry. ââ¬Å"Recent Steel Market Developmentsâ⬠2004. 31March 2009 http://www. oecd. org/dataoecd/34/48/32366875. pdf. Metal Bulletin Research, Steelmaking Raw Materials Monthly Issue 146, July 2008 ââ¬Å"Steel Industry and the Environment, Technical and Management Issues. â⬠IISI and UNEP Technical Report No. 38. 1997. The European Steel Industry: ââ¬Å"Restructuring in an Era of Globalizationâ⬠2001. http://www. hatch. ca/consulting/knowledge_base/Articles/THE%20EUROPEAN%20STEEL%20INDUSTRY%20RESTRUCTURING. pdf. Woodley, David Wilkes, Alan. ââ¬Å"European Stainless Steel Industry Faces Fundamental Restructuringâ⬠1998. 31March 2009 http://www. hatch. ca/Consulting/Knowledge_Base/Articles/European%20Stainless%20Steel. pdf How to cite Challenges Faced by the Steel Industry, Essay examples kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-76311959853628772562020-04-27T19:43:00.001-07:002020-04-27T19:43:02.907-07:00The Sioux Indian Tribe Essay Research Paper free essay sample The Sioux Indian Tribe Essay, Research Paper The Sioux Indian Tribe Food The Sioux would run most of their nutrient. Chiefly they ate cervid because the lived in the Dakota countries and Minnesota, they besides hunted American bisons when they were pushed more into the West by their rival folks. But normally lived on little game, cervid, and wild rice. They like to eat berries such as black berry and veggies such as Spinacia oleracea leaves, and peas. They ate nuts that grew on pine trees called pinion nuts. But like most Indians they used every thing from the nutrient. The Sioux were great framers and scavenger. They framed maize and scavenger wild rice, and roots. Language The linguistic communication of the Sioux was one of the biggest thing in there folk, because when the would utilize idiom, to pass on they changed the manner the normally would talk in the Sisseton, a Wahpeton, were the original seven council words, and these are the seven all right words, to cognize the Sioux Chiefs. We will write a custom essay sample on The Sioux Indian Tribe Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When some of the folks moved south and west, there were alterations in idiom and traditional imposts. Three divisions are now recognized by most governments as the Santee ( Isanyati, inhabitant at the Knife Lake ) , the Middle Dakota, and the Teton. The three idioms are Dakota, Nakota and Lakota. Dakota and Lakota are still widely used, but the Nakota idiom is about out of usage. Beginning of the Name The word # 8220 ; Sioux # 8221 ; was given to all of them by the Gallic who had corrupted the name # 8220 ; Nataweiwak # 8221 ; from the Chippewa. The Chippewa word referred to the Sioux as enemies and meant # 8220 ; enemy # 8221 ; or # 8220 ; snake # 8221 ; . This name was given to them when they resided in the western Great Lakes part. The name they called themselves was # 8220 ; Dakota # 8221 ; which means # 8220 ; friend # 8221 ; or # 8220 ; ally # 8221 ; . The Great Sioux State # 8220 ; Our state is runing off like the snow on the sides of the hills where the Sun is warm, he one time told the white, while your people are like blades of grass in the spring when summer is coming. # 8221 ; Red Cloud Other Information You Care To Share + In 1750 the Sioux comprised of some 30000 people steadfastly established in the heartland of the northern Great Plains, they dominated that part for the following century. + Harmonizing to old Sioux traditions, a immature adult male must gain his grownup name before courtship. + To pull a adult female, he might do a musical instrument from a birds wing or a piece of wood. He played the instrument to affect the miss he loved. + During the Battle of Wounded Knee in 1890, over 300 Sioux Indians were killed. + The set council was the chief governmental organic structure in the Sioux cantonments. Each cantonment had a courier to denote the determinations that the council voted on. + In 1870 Red Cloud journeyed to Washington D.C. eight times to negociate Sioux involvements. + The bird of Jove plumes on a war bonnet signified Acts of the Apostless of make bolding and bravery in a conflict. + One Lodge like theirs could last for 7-8 old ages. + To go a akicita ( lodge soldiers ) you had to be a warrior and killed, scalped an enemy or deliver a friend. It was all so impressive if he refrained from talking to adult females. ( except his sister ) Until he had completed all these Acts of the Apostless of bravery. + If you were able to travel in and out of an enemy s cantonment circle, he was awarded a warbonnet. If you frightened the game on a war Hunt you were whipped and your tepee and belongs were cut to pieces Male/Female Roles In the Sioux Tribe male and females had every bit of import functions. Each individual had set responsibilities and accomplished them daily, this is what kept the household unit together and made things run swimmingly. The male function consistent of chiefly supplying and protecting the household. The male childs were trained to run, be fuss-budgets or in some instances medicine work forces. The work forces made all of the arms for runing or war and the adult females did non touch these points. Equally far as supplying for the household he was besides expected to get married his brother # 8217 ; s married woman and take attention of her household if his brother died. The adult female function in the folk was really of import. Girls were trained to fix the shelter and gather nutrient. Besides she was responsible for doing and caring for the shelter. Pulled hastes, cut wood, gathered wild rice, cut grass, cookery, tanned teguments, made and repaired mocassins and vesture, made mats, dug roots, and dressed meats were besides the adult females s occupation. The married woman was the owne R of the Lodge and if the juncture arose, she could throw her hubby out. The adult females of the folk were good treated and extremely honored because she did all the work except runing, fishing, and combat. Together work forces and adult females shared jobs, such as doing cradles, paddles, canoes, bowls and spoons. There was really small quarreling in the households. Celebrated Persons One of the most celebrated individual in the Sioux Nation is Red Cloud. He was a great leader and a interesting individual. Harmonizing to one narrative a meteorite roared over Sioux district the dark he was born, go forthing a test of ruddy clouds behind it. Many Sioux babes born that winter were named Red Cloud. Another narrative claims that Red Cloud as a male child had his grampss name, Two Arrows. When he was about 19 old ages old, he led a Sioux war party in a conflict against an enemy folk. The Sioux warriors were have oning vermilion covers over their shoulders that twenty-four hours. As they swept down a hill side on their rushing ponies, they looked like an progressing ruddy cloud, and the scared enemy turned and fled. Red Cloud was the first Indian to contend and win the white people. But after the civil war, the white adult male came back and defended him and his military personnels. Myths Narrative OF THE PEACE PIPE Two immature work forces were out sauntering one dark speaking of love personal businesss. They passed around a hill and came to a small ravine or coulee. Suddenly they saw coming up from the ravine a beautiful adult female. She was painted and her frock was of the really finest stuff. # 8220 ; What a beautiful miss! # 8221 ; said one of the immature work forces. # 8220 ; Already I love her. I will steal her and do her my wife. # 8221 ; # 8220 ; No, # 8221 ; said the other. # 8220 ; Don # 8217 ; t harm her. She may be holy. # 8221 ; The immature adult female approached and held out a pipe which she foremost offered to the sky, so to the Earth and so advanced, keeping it out in her drawn-out custodies. # 8220 ; I know what you immature work forces have been stating ; one of you is good ; the other is wicked, # 8221 ; she said. She laid down the pipe on the land and at one time became a American bison cow. The cow pawed the land, stuck her tail straight out behind her and so lifted the pipe from the land once more in her hoofs ; instantly she became a immature adult female once more. # 8220 ; I am come to give you this gift, # 8221 ; she said. # 8220 ; It is the peace pipe. Hereafter all pacts and ceremonials shall be performed after smoking it. It shall convey peaceable ideas into your heads. You shall offer it to the Great Mystery and to fuss earth. # 8221 ; The two immature work forces ran to the small town and told. LEGEND OF STANDING ROCK A Dakota had married an Arikara adult female, and by her had one kid. By and by he took another married woman. The first married woman was covetous and pouted. When clip came for the small town to interrupt camp she refused to travel from her topographic point on the tent floor. The collapsible shelter was taken down but she sat on the land with her baby on her back The remainder of the cantonment with her hubby went on. At noon her hubby halted the line. # 8220 ; Go back to your sister-in-law, # 8221 ; he said to his two brothers. # 8220 ; Tell her to come on and we will expect you here. But hasten, for I fear she may turn desperate and kill herself. # 8221 ; The two rode off and arrived at their former bivouacing topographic point in the eventide. The adult female still sat on the land. The older radius: # 8220 ; Sister-in-law, acquire up. We have come for you. The cantonment awaits you. # 8221 ; She did non reply, and he put out his manus and touched her caput. She had turned to lapidate! The two brothers lashed their ponies and came back to cantonment. They told their narrative, but were non believed. # 8220 ; The adult female has killed herself and my brothers will non state me, # 8221 ; said the hubby. However, the whole small town broke cantonments and came back to the topographic point where they had left the adult female. Certain plenty, she sat there still, a block of rock. The Indians were greatly excited. They chose out a fine-looking pony, made a new travois and placed the rock in the carrying cyberspace. Pony and travois were both attractively painted and decorated with streamers and colourss. The rock was thought # 8220 ; wakan # 8221 ; ( sanctum ) , and was given a topographic point of award in the centre of the cantonment. Whenever the cantonment moved the rock and travois were taken along. Thus the rock adult female was carried for old ages, and eventually brought to Standing Rock Agency, and now rests upon a brick base in forepart of the Agency office. From this rock Standing Rock Agency derives its name. kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-29561691361469202242020-03-19T15:48:00.001-07:002020-03-19T15:48:03.318-07:00How to Pronounce Deng XiaopingHow to Pronounce Deng Xiaoping In this article, we will look at how to pronounce Deng Xiaoping (éââÃ¥ ° Ã¥ ¹ ³), the name of one of the most important politicians in China during the previous century and one of the main forces behind Chinas economic development. Below, I will first give you a quick and dirty way if you just want to have a rough idea of how to pronounce the name. Then Iââ¬â¢ll go through more detailed description, including the analysis of common learner errors. Pronouncing Deng Xiaoping if You Don't Know Any Mandarin Chinese names usually consist of three syllables, with the first being the family name and the last two the personal name. There are exceptions to this rule, but it holds true in a vast majority of cases. Thus, there are three syllables we need to deal with. Deng - Pronounce as dang, but replace a with the e in theXiao - Pronounce as sh plus yow- in yowlPing - Pronounce as ping If you want to have a go at the tones, they are falling, low and rising respectively. Note: This pronunciation is not correct pronunciation in Mandarin. It represents my best effort to write the pronunciation using English words. To really get it right, you need to learn some new sounds (see below). How to Actually Pronounce Deng Xiaoping If you study Mandarin, you should never ever rely on English approximations like those above. Those are meant for people who dont intend to learn the language! You have to understand the orthography, i.e. how the letters relate to the sounds. There are many traps and pitfalls in Pinyin you have to be familiar with. Now, lets look at the three syllables in more detail, including common learner errors: Dà ¨ngà (fourth tone): The first syllable rarely causes serious problems for speakers of English. The only things you should pay attention to is the initial, which is unaspirated and unvoiced. The vowel sound is a relaxed central sound close to the schwa in English the.à à XiÃŽoà (third tone): This syllable is the hardest of the three. The x sound is produced by putting the tongue tip just behind the lower teeth and then pronouncing an s, but slightly further back than a normal s. You can also try to say shhh as when telling someone to be quiet, but place your tongue tip behind the lower teeth. The final isnt all that difficult and sounds close to what I mentioned above (yowl minus the l).à Pà ng (second tone): This syllable is relatively close to the English word with the same spelling. It has slightly more aspiration on the p and sometimes have an added, light schwa (central vowel) between the i and the ng (this is optional). The are some variations for these sounds, but Deng Xiaoping (éââÃ¥ ° Ã¥ ¹ ³)à can be written like this in IPA: [tÃâ¢Ã
â¹ Ãâ¢jÃâÃÅ pà °iÃ
â¹] Conclusion Now you know how to pronounce Deng Xiaoping (éââÃ¥ ° Ã¥ ¹ ³). Did you find it hard? If youââ¬â¢re learning Mandarin, dont worry; there arent that many sounds. Once youââ¬â¢ve ââ¬â¹learned the most common ones, learning to pronounce words (and names) will become much easier! kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-33949496582721579872020-03-03T07:34:00.001-08:002020-03-03T07:34:03.000-08:00ACT Test Information Release Should You Order ItACT Test Information Release Should You Order It SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If youââ¬â¢re hoping to find out more information about your ACT scores or use your test as a study aid, you should think about ordering Test Information Release. Iââ¬â¢ll go through whatââ¬â¢s included in TIR, why you should strongly consider ordering it, and how to order it for your test. What Is Test Information Release? Test Information Release is essentially an all-access guide to your ACT scores.You can order it during registration or up to three months after you take the test, and it costs $20. Hereââ¬â¢s what you get for your money: A copy of the multiple choice test questions A list of your answers The answer key If you took the writing portion, you also get a copy of the essay prompt and essay scoring guidelines along with your essay scores You will also receive information about ordering a photocopy of your answer sheet (and essay, if you took the ACT with Writing) for an additional fee.Test Information Release is only offered for the December, April and June ACT test dates at national test centers. Unfortunately, on other dates there is no comparable service offered by the ACT, so if you want to review your scores in-depth you should stick to those test dates. Reasons to Order Test Information Release There are several reasons you might order TIR as a supplement to your regular score report, including its usefulness for future studying and its clarification of the mistakes you made on the test. Reason #1: Itââ¬â¢s a Great Studying Tool! If youââ¬â¢re planning on taking the ACT more than once, Test Information Release is an excellent resource. It allows you toreview the test questions and analyze your mistakes to avoid repeating them next time you take the test.Focusing on the mistakes you made in a real test environment will increase the efficiency of your prep time. The ACT says on the order form for TIR that ââ¬Å"you should not expect to receive [your TIR materials] before the registration deadline or in time to study for the next test date.â⬠But if youââ¬â¢re not planning on taking the test on the very next date(or if you are but you think you might take it a third time later), TIR can be super useful as a study guide. Reason #2: You Got a Score You Didnââ¬â¢t Expect and Want to Review Your Answers in More Detail If youââ¬â¢re stumped by your ACT score, ordering Test Information Release can help you make sense of what happened.With full access to the questions, itââ¬â¢s more likely that you will remember why you made certain mistakes. If you believe an error was made in the scoring process and are considering going a step further and ordering Hand Scoring for the ACT, you should order TIR first.Hand Scoring means that a real human from the ACT will review your answers to see whether there was a mistake in the scantron scoring process.This is relatively expensive ($45 for multiple choice or essay, $90 for both), so you should make sure you have a good reason to do it. Test Information Release will either confirm or deny your suspicions about your score based on whether you remember answering questions the way it says you did on your score report. With TIR, you get to be your own ACT detective! Don't get too excited. How to Order Test Information Release As mentioned above, if you already know you want to order Test Information Release before you sign up for the ACT, you can order it along with your original registration (check the TIR box during online registration).You should receive your materials four weeks after your scores are released.If you order TIR after the test, your order has to be postmarked within three months of the test date.You must send the form and check via snail mail.Here is a link to the form. Mail the form, along with a check for $20 made out to ACT, to this address: ACT Test Information ReleasePO Box 4008Iowa City, IA 52243-4008 You should expect to receive your materials three to five weeks after you send in the order form.Remember, you can only order TIR if you test on official dates in December, April, or June at a national ACT test center. What's Next? Still not sure whether you should retake the ACT? Here's a quick guideto help you decide. Or are you just trying to find the right test date for your situation? Learn more about when you should take the ACT. Use this guide to figure out your target ACT score so you have a goal in mind for the next time you take the test! If you're looking for tips on specific sections, take a look at these articles on how to earn the best scores on each section of the test. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically. kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-50693103436344551502020-02-15T22:59:00.001-08:002020-02-15T22:59:02.686-08:00Evelyn monologue Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsEvelyn monologue - Coursework Example Am paying for all my deeds. I should be ashamed of my deeds. I let her down, I disregarded the fact that she is now a grown up and not a child any more. But come to think of it, how did she discover? It must have been my mother. Yeah its my mother who told her about my past. How could she. Thanks to her I have lost the only thing I had in the world, no husband, my daughter is gone now, I have no one. I wish I had been more open to her as she grew up. This could not have happened at all. If only I had let in on the truth, things could have been easier for her to handle. I can only imagine the shock she had when she finally heard the truth. If I had worked hard to build a relationship with Faith, if only I was a good mother. I regret the times I did not come home until late at night. I should have made more time for her, to talk to her to share her fears and let her see the world through my eyes. I should have known one day this would happen and I would not have a second chance at doing these things. I should have given my mother so much freedom to talk to my daughter, Faith; look where it has put all of us. I remember my childhood with tears I never had enough time with my parents. They were ever out working; making sure we had a roof over our head and food on our table. My perception of the world was through my friends. Who used to mock me for being Jewish. I heard that part of my life for my daughter, with the aim of protecting her. I did not want her to be mocked by other children, the way it happened to me. No one would want their children to experience prejudicism that is why I did my best at keep that side of me away from my daughter, I thought the less that she knew the better it would have been for her. After having spent so little time with my mother during my childhood, I decided to let her move in with me so we could at least try to catch up. However, this was never to be, we are like strangers. All she does is to meddle in my kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-46951378680662126482020-02-02T13:50:00.001-08:002020-02-02T13:50:03.886-08:00Murder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsMurder - Essay Example However, it is a fact in criminal law, that the ââ¬Å"criminal intentâ⬠or the ââ¬Å"mens reaâ⬠of the offender to be convicted for the commission of any of the crimes under the Code requires a different degree of culpability which is dependent on the nature of the crime. Hence, the elements of these two crimes are to be treated differently. The issue that presented before us now that needs to be resolved is: The Mens rea for murder is too narrow in certain respects and too wide in others. The fault element for involuntary manslaughter is simply too wide. To differentiate these two crimes, first thing that needs to be done is to identify the elements for the commission of each of the crimes. We start with the crime of Murder. Alan W. Norrie has reported that for the crime of murder, the case of R. V. Woolin 1 should be highlighted as the basis of defining the intention of the accused. ââ¬Å"In this case, the House has rejected the conclusion of the Court of Appeal that f oresight of a substantial risk of death or serious bodily harm could in certain circumstances be an ââ¬Å"alternative mens reaâ⬠that can quality to intention of the accusedâ⬠. While in the case of R. V. ... However, there exists a conflict in the Woolin case which leaves the test for the criminal intention too specific. In the event that in the future a crime of murder is committed, the victim or his family shall be prejudiced by the conviction of the criminal to a lesser offence, carrying with it a lesser penalty because of non-compliance with the attendant circumstances as stated in the Woolin case, to make him liable for murder. Thus, it gives the criminal the privilege to demand for a lesser penalty and escape a portion of the imprisonment. Moreover, there are two issues which are left unanswered by the Woolin case, which concern the moral basis for convicting a criminal for murder. In one, the foresight of virtual certainty may be regarded as morally under-inclusive, while in the other, it is over-inclusive. These problems, relating to issues of good and bad motive, originated from the unstable moral core at the heart of mens rea, which the dominant subjectivist approach ignores at its peril.5 The principle laid down by Woolin case caused quite a stir because foreseeability and intention are the elements used to prove the degree of culpability of the offender. The terms ââ¬Å"directâ⬠and ââ¬Å"indirect intentionâ⬠are given their conservative meanings of ââ¬Å"purpose, aim or objectâ⬠and ââ¬Å"necessary means to an end or side-effect foreseen as virtually certain to occur whether desired or notâ⬠. The argument of Norrie is that in the ââ¬Å"process of legal and moral judgment in the criminal law, these terms cannot be fully separated from broader issues of ââ¬Å"motiveâ⬠or ââ¬Å"ulterior intentionâ⬠, understood as the moral backdrop to the intentions that are formed, and generally seen as irrelevant to culpabilityâ⬠6. Therefore, if the kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-72079325352385081972020-01-25T10:14:00.001-08:002020-01-25T10:14:05.657-08:00Factors Affecting Buildability of Building DesignsFactors Affecting Buildability of Building Designs Buildability is increasingly become a major requirement in building construction practice. The aim of buildability is use to improve the efficiency of overall building process by developing construction sensitive designs. Nowadays, in Malaysia construction industry, there have facing a lot of problem that will impede the project to process smoothly. In this research, it will highlight what buildability is. Through this we can deeply understand what buildability is and how important it was in the construction industry. Moreover, in this research, we wish to find out and identify the buildability attributes in building design in Malaysia construction industry. There are many buildability attributes have affecting in the building design. If the constructions proceed without a good buildability management, it will bring many problems to the project. So in this research, besides that identifying the buildability attributes, we also wish to find out the importance level for each of these attributes. AIM This report are aim to find out the factors that affect buildability of building design in the Malaysian construction industry. OBJECTIVE In order to achieve the aim of the report, the following are the objectives of this research To study what is buildability and factors may affect it in building design To find out and identify the buildability attributes in building design in the Malaysian construction industry To measure the level of importance of different buildability attributes Research Methodology Literature Review The purpose of the literature review is given us to understanding what buildability in the construction industry is and how important it was. This research methodology may include definitions, ideas and practices of related topics. Besides that, we can study and review to the relevant books, journals, internet and etc., as known as secondary data, that related to the topic buildability. Through those review sources, the important point will be noted down and convenience for us to writing the literature review. The below are showing that the literature search that will be carried out:- Define the definition of buildability/ constructability Define the principle and concept of buildability/ constructability Determine the factor affecting buildability in building design in construction Determine the building attributes and the level of importance for each attribute Questionnaire Questionnaire is recommended as one of the research method, because it is easier for analyzing the data, economical and the hypothesis can be tested. Questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a series of questions and/or in difference grouping for the purpose of gathering the information from respondents. To gain more information of this research, copies of questionnaire will be sent out to the construction companies and they are needed to express their opinions based on their experience. In this questionnaire, there are empty spaces provide for the respondents to giving their comment or suggest other building attributes which are not included. This questionnaire will target to the professionals such as architect, engineer, project manager, quantity surveyor and others in the contractor industry firm in Malaysia. From the research title, to determine the level of importance of buildability attributes in this research, the classification of the rating scales is used. The questionnaire is based on LIKERT SCALE format. It is a widely used instrument in measuring opinions. A likert item is simply a statement which the respondent is asked to evaluate according to any kind of subjective or objective criteria and generally the level of agreement or disagreement is measured. 5 point likert scale being used as it may produce slightly higher mean scores relative to the highest attainable score. This will be carried out in the final stage of research methodology. The results/ comments get from the respondents will be analyze and present in table or graph in order to provide a clearer view of overall research with writing up the contents of the dissertation. Besides this, analysis and interpretation would be done to gather all the information and data. DISSERTATION ORGANIZATION Chapter 1- Introduction Chapter 1 provides an introduction of the chapter that giving a brief about our proposal. In this chapter it includes introduction/ background, problem statement, aim, objectives, research methodology and working program for the dissertation. Chapter 2 Literature Review Through the review of literature/ articles related to our research topic the important point will be written in this chapter. Journals, books and information from the internet will be the source of the information or data to doing this buildability title dissertation. This chapter are aim to provide a main picture of the knowledge to us before the research is carried out. Chapter 3 Research Design and Methodology Questionnaire will be designed based on the objective and information that we want to find out. These questionnaires will be sent to different construction industry companies in Malaysia to collect data to conduct next step of dissertation. Chapter 4 Data Analysis and Results Discussions The collected information from the respondents will be evaluated and analyzed in table or graph with explanation. Chapter 5 Conclusions This chapter will conclude and recommend the overall results of the survey for further research. REFERENCES Crowther,.P. Design For Buildability and The Deconstruction Consequences, Design for Deconstruction and Materials Reuse, CIB Publication 272. Lam, P.T.I., Wong, F.K.W., Wong, F.W.H. 2007. Building features and site-specific factors affecting buildability in Hong Kong, Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, Vol 5, No 2. Mydin S.H., Zin R.M., Majid M.Z.A, Zahidi M. and Memon A.H. 2011. Buildability Attributes at Design Phase In Malaysian Building Construction, International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering Technology, Vol. 2, Issue 1. Wong, F.W.H, Lam, P.T.I, Chan, E.H.W. and Wong F.K.W. 2006. Factors Affecting Buildability of Building Design, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 33.7, pg 79 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW INTRODUCTION Buildability or constructability has a huge area of study and it was very important in a construction industry. The aim of these literature reviews are to study and highlight the area that the buildability attributes that may affect the building design in Malaysia construction industry. The first reviews that will focus in this chapter are definition of buildability, then coming up with the principles and concepts of buildability which have defined by different countries. Moreover, this review also focuses on the factors that may affect the buildability by identify the buildability attributes in building design. BUILDABILITY/CONSTRUCTABILITY DEFINITION OF BUILDABILITY Since the buildability is important in the construction industry, so there are many researchers from different countries has identified and defined buildability based on their studies. Based on the several articles study and resources, it found that the one of the widely definition that can be accepted which is define by the Construction Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA), 1983, it stated that the buildability is the extent to which the design of a building facilitates ease of construction, subject to the overall requirements for the completed building (Wong, Lam, Chan and Wong, 2006B.p. 796). Besides the definition defined by CIRIA, there also have another definition which was founded with specific aim of improving the construction total quality management and the overall cost effectiveness and defined as constructability is the effective and timely integration of construction knowledge into the conceptual planning, design, construction and field operation of a project to achieve the overall project objectives in the best possible time and accuracy at the most cost-effective level by Construction Industry Institute (as known as CII) in year 1986 (Wong, et.al, 2006B.p. 796). According to The Construction Industry in Australia (CIIA), Griffith and Sidwell (1997), has defined constructability as a system to integrate if construction knowledge in the project delivery process and balancing the various project and environmental constraints to achieve the project goals and building performance at the optimal level.(Wong, et.al, 2006B.p. 796) Buildability Performance Research Group (BPRG), Chen and McGeorge (1994), defined buildability as the extent to which decisions, made during the whole building procurement process, ultimately facilitate the ease of construction and the quality of the completed project which buildability as a management to goals the project by recognize the factors affected the project (Eng, 2002.p. 117). In the other hand, there are other researchers have derived their own definitions based on their studying in buildability, such as:- Ferguson (1989); buildability was defined as the ability to construct a building efficiently economically and to agreed quality levels from its constituent materials, components and sub-assemblies (Wong, et.al, 2006B.p. 796.) Williams (1982); buildability was defined as the most economic and efficient way of putting a building together.(Yang, 2004) Illingworth (1984); buildability was defined as a design and details which recognize the assembly process in achieving the desired result safety and at least cost to the client.(Yang, 2004) In year 1996, Moore has modified the definition defined by Illingworth as a design philosophy, which is recognizes and addresses the problems of the assembly process in achieving the construction of the design product, both safety and without resort to standardization or project level simplification.(Yang, 2004) Lueprasert (1996), constructability has defined as an important characteristic of structural design and site conditions of construction project which determines the level of complexity of executing the correlative structural assembly tasks.(Yang, 2004) Moreover, there are few researchers believed that constructability are significantly different with buildability. The differences between buildability and constructability are that buildability is a design-oriented concept but constructability is concern the whole project processing. But also have some researchers thought that there are no difference between buildability and constructability, the only is buildability is usually used in UK and constructability is often used in USA. (Yang, 2004) PRINCIPLES AND CONCEPTS OF BUILDABILITY According to Eng, (2002, p. 112), Buildability or Constructability has been used and evolved in the construction management in the late 1970s in United Kingdom, but its potential was not been fully exploited in construction industry at the time. Nowadays, buildability is increasingly become an integral part of the construction industry in many countries because it was a technique used to manage the construction process during the pre-construction stage. According to Low et.al, (2008), buildability aim is to ensure the impacts of design details are recognized and considered in the earlier stage to reduce and/or prevent errors, delays and allows a cost control to the overall project others. Together with this, it will enhance the productivity and competitiveness of the industry. Moreover, Low study also stated the summarized of buildability principles that defined by some researchers such as Adams (1989), Ferguson (1989), Gray (1984), Griffith and Sidwell (1995), Tatum (1987) and other s as shown as below:- Efficiency and economical building production; to ensure efficient and economical production of a building, a logical organization of the sequence of assembly is necessary. The building organization must ensure continuity of construction work by having food management due to labors, machineries and materials delivery to achieve this principle (OConnor, 1985). Simplicity; this principles saying that the designers of the project must try to produce the simplest possible details compatible with the overall requirement for the building especially for the buildings group of elements (Ferguson, 1989; Bishop, 1985). Tolerance Level; the building design should recognize its tolerances which are normally attainable under site conditions. Different the materials and components used on site have its different composition and different jointing methods required. Therefore, practical level of tolerance adopted is necessary for the materials and components (Ferguson, 1989). Innovation; use any innovative ideas that can enhance the buildability of a project. The contractor should try to bring in new machineries or methods of working that can improve the productivity and allow construction process more efficiency. Before bring in the ideas, consideration of the level of skills available in industry is required. (Tatum, 1987). Proper scheduling; a good scheduling of works may allow construction proceed smoothly and right on track. The construction sequence should be practical to allow for a continuous flow of work to minimize delays of works (Gugel and Russell, 1994). Repetition and standardization; to reduce time consuming for constructions, the building elements should be design that encourages appropriate repetition and standardization, it may help to reduce cost, risk and error by using readily and standard items in construction (Adams, 1989; Ferguson, 1989). Participation and communication; project team members with relevant knowledge should be encourage to participate all level of construction. They can give their opinion and suggestion during early planning stage to reduce problem in future. Clear project information should be planned and coordinated to suit the construction process and facilitate the best possible communication and understanding on site (Fischer and Tatum, 1997). Avoid damage by subsequent works; the design should enable the works that carried out will not have risk of damage due to adjacent finished elements and with minimum requirements for special protection. This would reduce the need for return visits to site to repair damage. By doing few times checking to the completed works is better to reduce the project completion period (OConnor and Tucker, 1986). (Source: Low et.al, 2008) McGeorge and Palmer (1997) have identified that buildability and constructability is the only management concept to have been designed and developed by the construction industry (Eng, 2002). This is because they think that the separation of designs and construction processes is unique to the construction industry. Eng also mentioned that the report in early 1960s, division between the process of design and construction was recognized as contributing to inefficiencies throughout the construction industry. (Eng, 2002).Emmerson (1962) has identified that insufficient documentation before tender, inefficient pre-contract design procedures and lacks of communication among the architects, consultants and contractors appointed are the factors that cause the problem occurred (Eng, 2002). Moreover, Banwell, (1964) suggested that the contractor who is too far from the design stage for his specialized knowledge can be participate in traditional contracting situation. (Eng, 2002.p. 111).In the o ther hand, Banwell report also highlighted that the complexities of modern construction and its requirement for specialized techniques demand that the design process and the construction stage should not be regarded as separate fields of activity. (Eng, 2002.p. 111) EVOLUTION OF BUILDABILITY/CONSTRUCTABILITY CONCEPT Through different groups of researchers, a number of stages in the evolution of the buildability or constructability concept are been identified and related to research efforts in different parts (Eng, 2002). According to Eng (2002) study, it shows the groups of researchers from different countries that have evaluated the evolution of buildability/constructability, which are: Construction Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA); UK Construction Industry Institute (CII); USA Construction Industry Institute of Australia (CIIA) Building Performance Research Group (BPRG); University of Newcastle in Australia In the early research taken by CIRIA and UK researches, they regarded that buildability is problem that arose from the division between builders and designers; led researchers to focus on technical issue and site and construction planning (Gray, 1983; Adam, 1989; Ferguson, 1989). (Eng, 2002.p. 112) Besides that, Eng stated that most industry researchers and commentators are tended to see buildability as a function that is within the influence or control of the designer. Illingworth (1984) has suggested that the problem of buildability was become deteriorate because the designers and professional team are resented contractors involve and giving their opinions during the design stage.(Eng, 2002.p. 112) In addition, CII had used industry case studies to investigate the constructability problem in construction industry to allow the researchers to understanding the issues. This carried out the understanding of different stages of project life cycle which would relate to different issues in constructability (Eng, 2002). Furthermore, CIIA also used the case studies to enable a holistic perspective to be maintained. CIIA have proposed 12 principles would be relevant with different emphases due to the different project life cycle. For BPRG at University of Newcastle in Australia, they started with conceptualize the buildability problem as one that derived from a complex system and they proposed that the concepts of buildability is needed to recognize the factors in a project environment which may affected in the design process, construction process and the link between them (Eng, 2002). CIRIA RESEARCH IN BUILDABILITY The definition of buildability defined by CIRIA has shown at the above. Though that we know that CIRIA definition is focused between designs and construction; the factors has been implied which are solely within the influence or control of the design team those have a significant impact on the ease if construction of a project (Eng, 2002). The concept was recognized as an issue within an integrated design management context. A good buildability are formed based on a building design, structure or other which had been consider in the construction phase with emphasis on the method of construction, activities, sequence of works and way incorporated into the overall design (Eng, 2002). In additional, Eng study had showing the 16 guiding principles for achieving buildability which was identified and developed by Adams (1989), CIRIA, as below:- Investigate thoroughly Consider accessibility at the design stage Consider storage at design stage Design for early enclosure Design for minimum time below ground work Suitable materials use Consider for the local skill available Design for simple assembly Plan for maximize repetition and standardization Maximize the use of plant Allow for sensible tolerances Allow for a practical sequence of operations Plan to avoid change to work Avoid return visits on site; do it right in first time Safe construction design Clearly communication (Source: Adam, (Eng, 2002)) CONSTRUCTABILITY DEVELOPTMENT BY CII According to Eng (2002), has mentioned that CII used case studies to identify different of requirements for the planning stage (Tatum et.al, 1986), engineering and procurement phases of a project (OConnor et.al., 1986) and improvement of constructability that able to make during field operations (OConnor and Davis, 1988). In additional, they had identified and presented 6 concepts for the planning stage, 7 concepts for the design and procurement phase and 1 for field operations phase which showing below:- Conceptual Planning Stage Basic design approaches consider major construction methods Constructability programs are an integral part of project of project implementation plans Project planning requires construction knowledge and experience Early construction involvement in the development of contracting strategy Project schedules are construction sensitive Site layouts show efficient of construction Design and Procurement Stage Design for accessibility, materials and equipment Design for construction in adverse weather and remotes locations Design and procurement schedules are construction sensitive Design to enable efficient construction Design elements are standardize Construction and procurement efficiency are specifications developed Design for modularization to facilitate fabrication/transportation Field Operation Contractors use innovative methods (Source: Tatum et.al; OConnor et.al; OConnor and Davis; (Eng, 2002)) CONSTRUCTABILITY PRINCIPLES BY CIIA For CIIA, they have review to the work of CII, and some developed construction information within the Australian context (Eng, 2002). At the beginning, they are 17 principles are being identified and tested. In the other hand, more than twenty of the personnel who experienced in construction are given feedback due to this tested. Through the test, Constructability Principles File (CIIA, 1992) has shown 12 concepts of constructability to represent current best practice applicable over five projects life cycle stages, which are feasibility studies stage, conceptual design stage, details design stage, construction stage and post construction stage (Eng, 2002). The twelve principles espoused were:- PRINCIPLESà DESCRIPTION Integration Constructability must be made an integral part of project plan. Construction Knowledge Project planning must actively involve construction knowledge and experience. Team Skills Project team must be appropriate for the project based on their experience, skills and etc. Corporate Objectives Project team understanding against clients corporate and project objective to improve constructability. Available Resources Technology use in design solution must be matched with the skills and resources available. External factors External factors might affect the cost and program of the project. Program of project Overall project program must be realistic and have the commitment of the project team. Construction Methodology Construction methodology must be considered in project design. Accessibility Constructability will be improved if accessibility is considered good in the design stage of project. Specifications Constructability improved when efficiency considered in specification development. Construction innovation Constructability improved when innovation techniques is used Feedback Post construction analysis is undertaken to allow constructability can be enhanced on future projects Table Principles by CIIA (Francis and Sidwell (Eng, 2002)) CONSTRUCTABILITY CONCEPTS BY MALAYSIAN RESEARCHER According to Nawi, Kamar, Lee, Hamid, Abdullah, Haron and Ariff (2009), stated that in Malaysia, the constructability and buildability concepts established by the Construction Industry Institute (CII) and other relevant literature by CIRIA, (1983); Tatum, (1987); Adams, (1989); CII, (1993) and etc, there are 23 constructability concepts were formulated and presented by Nima, (2001) which use them to utilize a study in relation to the engineered construction phases. There are 7 concepts for conceptual planning phase, 8 concepts for design and procurement phase and 8 concepts for field operation phases which as follows:- C1-C7 (Project constructability enhancement during conceptual planning phase) Concept C1 the project constructability program should be discussed and documented within the project execution plan, through the participation of all project team members. Concept C2 a project team that includes representatives of the owner, engineer and contractor should be formulated and maintained to take the constructability issue into consideration from the outset of the project and through all of its phases. Concept C3 individuals with current construction knowledge and experience should achieve the early project planning so that interference between design and construction can be avoided. Concept C4 the construction methods should be taken into consideration when choosing the type and the number of contracts required for executing the project. Concept C5 the master project schedule and the construction completion date should be construction-sensitive and should be assigned as early as possible. Concept C6 in order to accomplish the field operations easily and efficiently, major construction methods should be discussed and analyses in-depth as early as possible to direct the design according to these methods. Concept C7 site layout should be studies carefully so that construction, operation and maintenance proceed efficiently and avoid any interference between the operations performed during these phases. C8-C15 (Project constructability enhancement during design and procurement phases) Concept C8 design and procurement schedules should be dictated by construction sequence. Thus, the construction schedule must be discussed and developed prior to the design development and procurement schedule. Concept C9 advanced information technologies are important to any field including field of construction industry. The usage of those technologies could overcome the problem of fragmentation into specialized roles in this field, hence enhancing constructability. Concept C10 designs, with design simplification by designers and design review by qualified construction personnel must be configured to enable efficient construction. Concept C11 project elements should be standardized to an extent that will never affect the project cost negatively. Concept C12 the project technical specifications should be simplified and configured to achieve efficient construction without sacrificing the level or the efficiency of the project performance. Concept C13 the implementation of modularization and preassembly for project elements should be taken into consideration and studied carefully. Modularization and preassembly design should be prepared to facilitate fabrication, transportation and installation. Concept C14 project design should take into consideration the construction personnel, materials and equipment accessibility to the required position on-site. Concept C15 design should facilitate construction during adverse weather conditions. Great emphasis should be made to planning for the construction of the project under suitable weather conditions, but the designer must plan and take into consideration the project elements that could be prefabricated in workshops. C16-C23 (Project constructability enhancement during field operation phases) Concept C16 field task sequencing should be configured in order to minimize damages or rework of some project elements, minimize scaffolding needs, formwork used or congestion of construction personnel, material and equipment. Concept C17 innovation in temporary construction materials/systems, or implementing innovative ways of using available temporary construction materials/systems that have not been defined or limited by the design drawings and technical specifications will contribute positively to the enhancement of constructability. Concept C18 incorporating innovation of new methods in using off-the-shelf hand tools or modification of the available tools or introduction of a new hand tools that may reduce labour intensity, increase mobility, safety or accessibility will enhance constructability at the construction phase. Concept C19 introduction of innovative methods for using the available equipment or modification of the available equipment to increase their productivity will lead to a better constructability. Concept C20 in order to increase the productivity, reduce the need of scaffolding or improve the project constructability under adverse weather conditions, constructors should be encouraged to use any optional preassembly. Concept C21 constructability will be enhanced by encouraging the constructor to carry out innovation of temporary facilities. Concept C22 good contractors, based on quality and time, should be documented, so that contracts for future construction works would not be awarded based on low bits only, but by considering other project attributes. Concept C23 evaluation, documentation and feedback of the issues of the constructability concepts should be maintained throughout the project to be used in later projects as lessons learned. (Source: Nima el al, (Nawi, et.al, 2009)) Although there are many researchers from different countries have identified and presented their own principles and concepts, but the points they covered are almost the same. Through those principles and concepts, it showing the ways to help the construction to reduce its project time, error, cost by having a good buildability on manage overall project. ASSESSMENT OF DESIGNS FOR BUILDABILITY According to CIRC and Chiang et.al, has stated that the construction industries are continues to search out the ways to improve buildability, such as the use of prefabricated, standardized and modular components, as well as the adoption of alternative procurement methods (cited by Wong, Lam, Chan P.C. and Chan H.W., 2006), the Building and Construction Authority (BCA) in Singapore had introduced and published a Code of Practice on Buildabl kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-13702406584993375052020-01-17T06:38:00.001-08:002020-01-17T06:38:03.293-08:00Elizabethan Poor Laws?Life for the poor in Elizabethan England was very harsh. Unemployment and rapid price inflation increased causing many villagers to leave their homes and come to the towns to look for work. However, they often could not find employment and ended up begging in the streets. Elizabethan Poor Laws, enacted in 1601, were incredibly beneficial in uniting the community to provide care and nurture for the qualifying less fortunate. These laws set a critical foundation for Britainââ¬â¢s welfare system and established guidelines for the ââ¬Å"deservingâ⬠and ââ¬Å"undeservingâ⬠poor.I chose this topic because it vastly influenced our world today, not only physically, but morally. My extensive research was conducted mainly through internet resources. Thanks to online databases provided by the Public Library System I was able to find valuable primary sources such as newspaper articles. I was also able to find credible, scholarly summaries, documents, essays, and more on my topic, making it much more manageable to thoroughly educate myself and others.Gathering so much background knowledge also provided more validity to statements I concluded and overall information included in my presentation. I personally felt an exhibit would be the most tremendous in portraying the vast research I completed throughout the History Fair process through vibrant illustrations, documents, photos and more. The 1601 Elizabethan Poor Laws suitably fits the Rights and Responsibilities theme. Everyone had a share ââ¬â rights and responsibilities, from the Justices of the Peace, to the substantial householders, even the poor themselves.The poor weren't just goldenly treated out of the blue. Only the ââ¬Å"deservingâ⬠poor were assisted. ââ¬Å"Deservingâ⬠ââ¬â classified as the ââ¬Å"Helpless poorâ⬠also known as old folk, or children of poor families and the ââ¬Å"able-bodied poorâ⬠- people who could work, wanted to work, and attempted at earning a li ving. It was the responsibilities of the poor to remain determined and avoid indolence, sluggishness, and misdemeanor or else they would be classified under the more dangerous and itinerant group of ââ¬Å"rogues and vagabondsâ⬠(beggars and stealers) vastly targeted by the government.Townsfolk were known to dislike beggars and treat them harshly. Their streets had become overcrowded and dirty, and the poor and beggars were accused of being scroungers and suspected of being criminals. It had then become a right, where two or more ââ¬Å"substantial householdersâ⬠were to be yearly nominated by the Justices of the Peace to serve as overseers of the poor in each parish.The overseersà were to raise ââ¬Å"weekly or otherwise, by taxation of every inhabitant, such competent sums of money as they shall think fit,â⬠however; one of the later complaints about the 1601 Act was that the basis of the law was that it rated land and buildings but not personal or movable wealth. Consequently it benefited the industrial and commercial groups in society who did not fall within the parameters of the legislation and so did not pay into the poor rates unless they also happened to own landed property.The 1601 Elizabethan Poor Law continued with additional variations and adjustments, for example the 1662 Settlement Act, Gilbert's Act (1782) and the Speenhamland system of 1795 ââ¬â until the passing of the 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act which ultimately formed the basis of poor relief throughout the country for more than two centuries. It was a reasonable and unbiased system run for and administered by local people at a time when the population was undersized enough for everyone to know everyone else and his/her conditions and circumstances.Personally, the 1601 Elizabethan Poor Laws taught me that caring for the poor is a divine purpose in our community today, that it will remain a responsibility to the poor to guide our actions in international development to end ing poverty. This act recognized that well applied, targeted, and effective aid can and should be used to achieve progress on challenges such as health, education, and substantial living in our poverties. ââ¬Å"The care of human life and happiness, and not their destruction, is the first and only object of a good government,â⬠ââ¬â Thomas Jefferson kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-27635457377576899672020-01-09T03:01:00.001-08:002020-01-09T03:01:04.026-08:00Essay about Job Discrimination - 1030 Words In some way or another we have all experienced discrimination not only through race but also sex, a disability, religion and so on. How can we determine if discrimination is right in areas other than race? If we define discrimination from the Websterââ¬â¢s dictionary it can be the treatment or consideration of, or making a distinction in favor of or against, a person or thing based on the group, class, or category to which that person belongs. In my opinion I would simply say that ââ¬Å"you canââ¬â¢t judge a book by its coverâ⬠and that is what we tend to do when we face discrimination. The Federal Equal Opportunity Laws are the enforcers of such discriminations people face on a daily job. Whenever employees encounter a problem with discriminationâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Many employers may feel that for older adults that they are not as useful as the younger generation and that allows the employer to reduce benefits. Next, would be the Equal Pay Act Discrimination w hich deals with sex discrimination dealing with the payment of wages or benefits; whereas a man a woman can perform the same job and employers are required to give them both equal pay. Finally, the Titles I and V of the Americans with Disabilities Act, under this act it deals with the Individual with a Disability meaning a physical or mental problems. Qualified Individuals with a Disability by this person is capable of performing skills that are required on the job. Just to give you some stats and this information comes from www.jobsearch.com, it states that there are over 16 million Americans over 55 who are either working or seeking work. In this generation older workers are getting new jobs at an annual rate of 4.1 percent. Older Americans make up 10 percent of the workforce, but account for 22 percent of the nations job growth. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;When we looked at the EEO laws and saw examples of these we now have to understand who is covered under the laws, and if sued the proper procedures to go about the issue or complaint. The title VII and the ADA cover private employers, state and local governments, and education institutions that employ 15 or more people. For instance, the EPA covers employers who are covered by the federalShow MoreRelated The Great Recession of 2007: Job Discrimination in the United States1403 Words à |à 6 Pageshigh that affects the value of the dollar. To cope, many people turn to welfare for government assistance. People who do not rely on unemployment benefit or government assistance must find a job to survive. When looking for a job, a person must be deemed as a qualified candidate and meet the requirements of the job. HR professionals are responsible for the recruiting and selection process of an organization. If a recession is occurring, however, the recruiting and s electing is under more scrutiny, andRead MoreTitle Vii Of The Civil Rights Act Of 1964 Prohibiting Job Discrimination1141 Words à |à 5 Pages1964 prohibits job discrimination based on race, color, gender, religion and nation of origin. With the recent acceptance of marriage equality, it may leave the population doubting if they can be open and honest about their life. While, Title VII now encompasses the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) population, individuals may continue to fear their protection within the employment process. This is due to the ongoing debate within each state to implement anti-discrimination laws protectingRead MoreThe Effect of Gender Discrimination on Job Opportunities Available to Women in the Banking Sector3442 Words à |à 14 PagesThe Effect of Gender Discrimination on Job Opportunities available to women in the banking sector Sociology BBA III DOUBLE Major Marketing amp; Finance Section A Instructor: Group members ALI HASSAN ASIM Khawaja BADAR EJAZ HARIS NISAR NOMAN ULLAH Lahore School Of Economics Submission Date: 2012 Acknowledgement First of all, we would like to thank all mighty Allah who helped us in his mysterious ways. We were very short in time, but even then we were able to carry on our researchRead MoreIntervention Paper1603 Words à |à 7 Pagesname of Nathan Southern ââ¬Å"during the first two years of life in its new homeland. 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She tells her colleague that is hasRead MoreThe United States Of America1620 Words à |à 7 Pagesneed to work hard to realize the general community development goals and personal goals. Thus, work has become an integral part of the day to day living of an average American. One needs to always have something to do in mind and strive to grow on the job to experience greater financial success and skill development. Whether or not a person has multiple work opportunities or succeeds in their work life is influenced by multiple factors, some of which are within the control of the individual in questionRead More Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) Essay757 Words à |à 4 Pagesfrom discrimination based upon their disability (Bennett-Alexander, 2001). The protection extends to discrimination in a broad range of activities, including public services, public accommodations and employment. The ADAs ban against disability discrimination applies to both private and public employers in the United States. Not all individuals with disabilities are protected by the ADA. To be protected, individuals with disabilities must show that they are otherwise qualified for the job theyRead MoreRacial Discrimination Against Minorities Within The American Workforce Essay1677 Words à |à 7 PagesRacial discrimination against minorities within the American workforce is evident. Structural racism is the cause of why qualified minorities lacking opportunities, while lesser-qualified White-Americans are hired. This paper will discuss what structural racism is, how it plays into racial discrimination against qualifieded minorities, what can be done to prevent further racial profiling, and briefly touch on the adverse effects racial prejudice has on the economy. Keywords: structural racism, qualifiedRead MoreFemale Discrimination : The Women s Right Movement1595 Words à |à 7 PagesAmanda Lopez English Comp. Dec 6th 2015 Research Paper Female Discrimination in the Workplace The 1920ââ¬â¢s was a turning point in the womenââ¬â¢s right movement; The ratification of the 19th amendment, giving all women the right to vote. When war came men needed to leave their families to fight for our freedoms. Women started to take on more responsibility setting out to get jobs. Joining the workforce showed women a different kind of independence, their mothers and grandmothers neverRead MoreWomenââ¬Å¡Ãâà ´s Discriminations988 Words à |à 4 PagesWomenââ¬â¢s Discriminations Although the position of a woman in society today has improved, there is still a great deal of sexual discrimination. Do you agree? Discrimination of a woman in society is still remarkable in spite of the fact that there are organizations against woman discrimination. This issue is common in different countries especially in the United States of America and in Sweden. How could we Identify discrimination of a woman? Is it by nature that a woman is differing than a man kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-27175104182801689492019-12-31T23:27:00.001-08:002019-12-31T23:27:03.747-08:00Analysis Of The Poem Yeats - 873 Words Yeats has composed an effectively concise poem of only twelve lines in iambic pentameter. Iambic pentameter is harnessed to replicate human speech patterns; as if the four rhetorical questions are being posed to the reader from the speaker. The romantic and personal content of this poem creates a certain level of intimacy the reader will feel with Yeats. With a simple ABABCDCDEFEF rhyming structure there is a crucial lack of rhyming couplets (often used to accentuate a couple s closeness). Therefore a distance is already established between the speaker and their subject. Additionally, Yeats creates the emotional response to this poem by exploring historical, personal, political and classical mythological elements. Yet, at the very foreground this is a love poem, and the underlying focus on love makes this poem a typical lyric. It is important to consider the historical context of this poem. Rather, whom Yeats intended it to be aimed at. The object of Yeats affection during the period this poem was written is Irish Feminist and Revolutionary Maud Gonne; she was to be his muse and the catalyst of his poetic yearnings1. However, Gonne never accepted Yeats multiple marriage proposals which evidently (through his writings) was a great source of grief for Yeats. Furthermore, Yeats establishes a binary opposition between the speaker and the subject. The speaker who condemns the subject s vicious beauty a kind That is not natural in an age like this, is presented as a manShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of Yeats Poem Essay769 Words à |à 4 PagesRhetorical Analysis: ââ¬Å"How many loved your moments of glad grace, And loved your beauty with love false or true, But one man loved the pilgrim Soul in you, And loved the sorrows of your changing face.â⬠(Yeats, 1893). This sentence is picked up from ââ¬ËWhen you are oldââ¬â¢, a love poem written by an Irish poet called William Butler Yeats. Although he was tortured by the unrequited love, he still strongly expressed his admire to the only love of his life (Poetry foundation, 2016). In the first lineRead More Analysis of William Butler Yeats Poems Essay1361 Words à |à 6 PagesAnalysis of William Butler Yeats Poems; When You Are Old, The Lake Isle of Innisfree, The Wild Swans at Coole, The Second Coming and Sailing to Byzantium In many poems, short stories, plays, television shows and novels an author usually deals with a main idea in each of their works. A main reason they do this is due to the fact that they either have a strong belief in that very idea or it somehow correlates to an important piece of their life overall. For example the author ThomasRead More An Analysis of the Poem A Prayer for My Daughter by William Butler Yeats1552 Words à |à 7 PagesPrayer for My Daughter is a poem written by William Butler Yeats in 1919. This poem is a prayer-like poem. And it generally tells about the poets ideas about his daughter who is sleeping at the same time while the poem is being told. Throughout the poem Yeats reflects how he wants his daughters future to be. This essay will analyze the poem in three sections: 1- What does this poem mean?, 2- The poetic devices, imagery, rhyming, figures of speech, used in the poem and mood, diction, languageRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Song Of Wanderin g Aengus By William Butler Yeats2050 Words à |à 9 PagesYeats: Youthful Desires ââ¬Å"To burn with desire and keep quiet about it is the greatest punishment we can bring on ourselves.â⬠ââ¬â Federico Garcia Lorca (Blood Wedding) William Butler Yeats was not a man to keep quiet about his passions. He expresses his need for more than just reality throughout his poems, longing for the youthful desires of his heart. Yeats often talks about escaping reality and shifting to a realm of fantasy in which his deepest thoughts are brought forth. He reveals his unrequitedRead MoreAnalysis of 6 poems on the topic, Hidden messages. contains poems by hughes, mcauley, strand, dobson, yeats, williams.1211 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Bystander - Rosemary Dobson The Bystander describes the significance of the insignificant characters in paintings. The speaker in the poem is that figure painted behind/beside the subjects of artworks, where he/it speaks out of its existence to us: in the form of a wing, a squire, a distant figure or part of a crowd. This insignificant character reflects upon several scenes he/it has stood in, such as the two slaughter of Innocents (i.e. the murder of infants from both Old and New TestamentRead MoreAnalysis on To Ireland in the Coming Times1608 Words à |à 7 PagesMarch 5th, 2013 Analysis of ââ¬Å"To Ireland In The Coming Timesâ⬠Yeats is known as an influential poet of the 20th century. His love and affection for Ireland and his people can be seen in many of his poems. In ââ¬Å"To Ireland in the coming timesâ⬠Yeats passion for Ireland and the revolution against Britain at the time can be seen in his writing. Ireland was undergoing a transition from a nation under British rule to a nation of its own with an identity. Many poets, Yeats included, helped fuel thisRead MoreWilliam Butler Yeats The Second Coming1011 Words à |à 5 PagesIn William Butler Yeats The Second Coming, the poet makes phrases such as; ââ¬Å"the best lack of conviction of stony sleep (19) and the falcon cannot hear the falconer (2). The phrases are useful in suggesting various thematic concerns of the poem as well asserting separation of ideas and events that occur during the time when Yeats is writing his work. Different interpretations of the stanzas may bring a connection of the antagonism of people and events that Yeats for esees. For instance, the falconRead MoreThe Second Coming by William Yeats1288 Words à |à 6 PagesWilliam Butler Yeats, a multitalented individual won the Nobel Prize in 1923. Born the son of a well known Irish painter and religious skeptic had many influences in his life. Eventually, he converted to Paganism from Christianity. He is till this day considered one of the greatest poets that ever lived. To understand the meaning of William Butler Yeats poem The Second Coming, you must first understand the difference between Christianity and Paganism. Yeats was raised as a Christian and turnedRead More THE SECOND COMING BY WILLIAM YEATS Essay1286 Words à |à 6 Pages William Butler Yeats, a multitalented individual won the Nobel Prize in 1923. Born the son of a well known Irish painter and religious skeptic had many influences in his life. Eventually, he converted to Paganism from Christianity. He is till this day considered one of the greatest poets that ever lived. To understand the meaning of William Butler Yeats poem ââ¬Å"The Second Comingâ⬠, you must first understand the difference between Christianity and Paganism. Yeats was raised as a Christian and turnedRead More Analysis of Leda and the Swan Essay1528 Words à |à 7 PagesAnalysis of Leda and the Swan. Greek mythology. Analysis of Leda and the Swan. Greek mythology has, throughout history, been the subject of much debate and interpretation. Conjuring up images of bloody battles and crumbling cities, its descriptions of the epic battle between good and evil still have remarkable relevance and continue to resonate with poignancy in our bleak, war-torn society. The poem Leda and the Swan, written by William Butler Yeats, attempts to shed new light on what kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-13616493408954077152019-12-23T19:12:00.001-08:002019-12-23T19:12:03.632-08:00The Hierarchical System Of Social Classification Used... The hierarchical system of social classification used during the medieval periods, generated considerable class tensions between people of more privileged status and those with lesser. Some peasants, townspeople, women, and university students all campaigned through diverse methodology to challenge the authorities that governed them. The dualistic society the medieval culture was based on formed the tensions within society. Specifically, good versus evil, rich versus poor, man versus woman, civilized versus uncivilized, and master versus slave. The ruling nobility and church officials used intimidating means of violence, aggression, and coercion to dominate the perceived lower classes. To contest oppression, the groups associated with commonality challenged the ruling classes to have the opportunity to influence and assert authority within their own lives. Specifically, people of common class status utilized violence, rebellion, and dissidence to combat persecution from the e lite groups. This paper will argue the townspeople, peasants, women, and university students, strived for upward social mobility within their political class system, by challenging the sociological and theological contracts of their respective eras. . The ethics and morals of the men constructing medieval society laws were heavily based within church doctrine. The difference in class structure in medieval society were formalized by the privileged authorities ideals and values. The methodsShow MoreRelatedBritish Impact on India10478 Words à |à 42 Pagesand how it would function politically and socially. These structures of caste provided upper-caste Hindus with a privileged social and political position backed by religious dogma. The presence of the British, under the British East India Company from 1600-1857 , and the British Crown from 1858 until 1947, had been a major influence in defining Indias political and social structures. This British influence shaped Indian caste based politics by strengthening caste identity, playing different casteRead MoreMotivation Factors in Dark Tourism13274 Words à |à 54 Pagesis a good example of a dark tourism attraction. It stands as a monument to the memory of those held captive, tortured and killed in the building under the Nazi and the Communist reigns during and after the Second World War. Opened on February 24th in 2002, the museum reveals the horrors of the two cruellest systems of the 20th century with the purpose to draw peoples attention to understanding the sacrifice for the freedom in Hungary ââ¬â and giving the visitor a possibility to contemplate the balanceRead MoreSantrock Edpsych Ch0218723 Words à |à 75 Pageslanguage develop? What is the best way to teach students to communicate verbally? PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT Exploring How Children Develop Language Development Developmental Why Studying Issues Childrenââ¬â¢s Development Processes, Is Important Periods, and Stages Physical Development and Health Growth in Childhood Pubertal Changes Child Health and Education 32 What Is Language? Biological and Environmental Influences Cognitive Development Piagetââ¬â¢s Theory Vygotskyââ¬â¢s Theory Caseââ¬â¢s Neo-PiagetianRead MoreThe Historical Transformation of Work14383 Words à |à 58 Pageshistory of human societies, it is only in the recent past that work has become synonymous with regular paid employment, a separate sphere of specialized economic activity for which one receives payment. Thus, the current conception of work is a modern social construction, the product of specific historical conditions that are typically denoted by the term ââ¬Ëindustrial capitalismââ¬â¢. The first part of this term indicates that work is a productive activity involving machines powered by inanimate energy sourcesRead MoreEmilio Jacintos Trading Cooperative19425 Words à |à 78 Pagesresources IN 49 Chapter 7 Cooperative financial management PRACTICES 39 Chapter 6 Cooperative roles, responsibilities, and communication 27 Chapter 5 Alternative business models in the United States PRINCIPLES 15 Chapter 4 Cooperative classification Contents Publication notes ï ± 89 THE 21ST CENTURY i Publication notes This publication is the fourth and most extensive revision of the Marvin A. Schaarsââ¬â¢ text, Cooperatives, Principles and Practices, University of Wisconsin Extensionââ¬âMadisonRead MoreAdl 01 - Principles and Practices of Management Study Material.Pdf Uploaded Successfully30836 Words à |à 124 Pagespeople capable of joint performance by giving them common goals and values, the right environment in which to operate, and the ongoing training so that they can perform and respond to change. Organizations can be defined as, ââ¬â¢a consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two or more people that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goalsââ¬â". Firstly, each organization has a distinctive purpose. This is the goal or objective that the organization hopes to accomplishRead MoreKfc Marketing Strategies20155 Words à |à 81 Pagesprocess and you have signed your option agreement, you have eight months to begin construction and one year to open for business. Who will build my restaurant? Will you provide plans and an equipment list? Can I use equipment that I already own or used equipment? Thereââ¬â¢s already a KFC in my market, can I add another one? Existing KFC operators have a protected territory of 1.5 miles or 30,000 people, whichever is smaller. Outside of that, KFC seeks to build in quality trade areas that allow forRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words à |à 846 PagesNew York ß Oxford University Press 2006 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerningRead MoreProject on Risk Management46558 Words à |à 187 Pagespeoples, operations, limits and controls) satisfy banks policy. Reviewing and approving, market risk limits, including triggers or stop losses for traded and accrual por tfolios. Ensuring robustness of financial models and the effectiveness of all systems used to calculate market risk. Liquidity risk is the potential inability to meet the bankââ¬â¢s liabilities as they become due and are managed through caps on the net asset calculations in the various time buckets. Interest rate risk is the risk where changesRead MoreIslamic Way of warfare23558 Words à |à 95 PagesQaeda is truly Islamic or not. This thesis identifies that Islam does not dictate minor tactical matters of warfare, rather focuses its guidance on warfare in two broad categories: the just cause for waging war, and limited restrictions on conduct during the war. Using this two part test of ââ¬Å"Causeâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Conduct,â⬠the thesis shows that though Al Qaeda deem to have an authentic Islamic cause to wage war against USA and Western countries, because of its violation of guidelines in conduct, it ceases kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-11859534584419885892019-12-15T15:42:00.001-08:002019-12-15T15:42:03.819-08:00Customer Service in the Transport Logistics Free Essays string(117) " to address some of the issues within the transport industry, though there is still much that needs to be addressed\." The South African transport industry is one that is changing. In terms of Customer service there are certain companies that are excelling and are able to provide service that gains them a greater measure of customer satisfaction. Good customer service is an integral part of any business or organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Customer Service in the Transport Logistics or any similar topic only for you Order Now The process of managing stock, warehouse inventory, and freight transportation is at the heart of logistics. Logistics is the management and coordination of moving inventory from its origination to its ultimate destination. The goal of a logistics team is to find a way to do this process in the most streamlined, cost efficient method possible. The overall High costs in the logistics industry though are a cause for concern as they hinder the ability of organisations to provide maximum efficiency, to their customers thus not achieving maximum customer service. We will discuss what customer service is and its importance in the transport industry. We will look at the challenges facing the South African Transport industry as well as current developments going into the world cup and what these developments mean for the future of the South African transport industry. Customer Service is defined by Vogt and Pienaar as ââ¬Å"the integrated series of activities between a supplier and a buyer, which enhance the sale and facilitate the effective use of the suppliersââ¬â¢ products. When rendered effectively, customer service is the overriding logistics supply chain function that can create demand and retain loyalty. In a broader sense customer service is the measure of how well the logistics system is performing in providing time and place utility for a product or service (Pienaar Vogt; 2009, 25). According to Christopher and Peck (2003) customer service includes points of contact between a supplier and buyer also including tangible and intangible elements. Logistics performance is extremely important in achieving customer satisfaction. Importance of Customer service The importance of customer service in any organisation and the transport industry as a whole cannot be over emphasized. Customer service is the most critical aspect of the whole supply and distribution chain (Ron). According to Karl it has been proven in surveys that most customers do not come back to certain business establishment because of the indifferences they might have had with the owner, manager and employees regardless if they like the product or service the business renders. Every business management must recognize the reality that customer service is imperative in the success of the business. This ensures customer loyalty and commitment to the business. The companyââ¬â¢s ability to focus on customers needs rather than on their own will ensure that company is cost effective and efficient at all times. Characteristics of customer service in transportation There are a number of factors that make up customer service and specifically for the transport industry these include, dependability, time in transit, flexibility of mode chosen, loss and damage performance of the mode, and ability of the transport to adapt to the changing customer needs. (Craig, 2004) Most customers are more interested about receiving their delivered goods on time than whether the person delivering the goods has a cheerful face. Successful companies try to under-promise and over deliver in terms of delivery time. This allows the firms to capture their customers ensuring that the companyââ¬â¢s reputation is not jeopardized so firms need to ensure that their lead times are accurate. Customer service excellence is about reliability and consistency. Reliability means that the suppliers commitment to maintain a promised delivery schedule and to advise customers if deliveries subsequently cannot be made on time. This shows that the suppliers are reliable and keep the customer at ease. It is better to switch to a more expensive but reliable supplier than to rely on a relatively inexpensive but erratic supplier. Customer satisfaction is highest when a customer knows they can rely on their goods to be delivered at the specified time and that the goods will be delivered. Companies such as Manline offer customers the service of being able to track their goods in transit through a customer call centre where they can monitor their cargo through real time satellite tracking of their vehicles. Such services allow customers to be more at ease. In South Africa overall this is a concern in the transport industry as the rate of hijacking is high and thus the risk of goods not arriving is high. This means that in South Africa it is imperative that an organisation gets the best security technology in order to meet customer needs. The amount of time in-transit is another important element in customer service within the transport industry. Goods need to be transported and delivered as quickly as possible as customers need their cargo on hand as soon as possible. The flexibility of any mode of transport is another important element in customer service. If an organisation is to provide the best service they need to react to a customerââ¬â¢s changing needs. In the South African transport industry it is sometimes difficult for there to be immediate changes in customer requirements as the most used mode of transportation is road transportation. This means that service delivery in any other form is sometimes difficult or unreliable. The idea is to move goods as quickly, efficiently and cost effectively as possible. JIT (Just-In-Time) deliveries are a powerful force in the modern epoch. Deliveries are getting smaller but more frequent. We are moving into a situation where there is a continuous flow of goods from source to final delivery. Those carriers who are able to adapt to the changes in the market and accommodate a wide set of logistical competencies will be the winners in the new age of transport. Traditional haulers must change their ideas of what industry they belong to and face the challenges of the new order. Fast-moving, 2005) Challenges affecting customer service in South Africa Within the last couple of years the country has been able to address some of the issues within the transport industry, though there is still much that needs to be addressed. You read "Customer Service in the Transport Logistics" in category "Papers" There have been various challenges that have and still face South Africaââ¬â¢s growing transportation and physical distribution industry. One of those challeng es is that with increased globalization the local industry has to compete with foreign industry. Customers want the most reliable yet inexpensive way of transporting their goods and foreign companies are doing this, making it difficult for local companies to stay relevant. Another major challenge which has been addressed to an extent by some companies and aspects of the transport industry is that of technology. Customers want to know the exact specifications of the transportation of their goods. They want to know time of departure, time of arrival, amount of time in transit, and even the route of transit. This then means that the best tracking technology is required. In South Africa this high technology has been slow in infiltrating the transport industry. Devices for tracking and monitoring load carriers using real time satellite tracking is not something that is widely used in the industry. A good example of a company that is doing this though is Manline . This Company has set up a 24-hour control centre operated by fleet trackers that constantly monitor all vehicles and also to apply effective route rationalizing techniques and maximize vehicle productivity and utilization. (Manline 2010). According to the findings of the ââ¬ËResearch Report for the Infrastructure Inputs Sector Strategyââ¬â¢, commissioned by the Presidency, and compiled by Sudeo International Business consultants. One of the other major challenges facing the South African Transportation industry going into 2010 is that freight volumes travelling by all modes of transport will have to be suppressed for the duration of the world cup. This will have considerable impact on the logistics industry as a whole. Ways to improve and Developments in 2010 The challenges that face the South African industry are ones that can be remedied. The 2010 World cup in South Africa has become a catalyst event in developments in the country and the transportation industry as it is one of the most integral parts of achieving efficient customer delivery and thus achieving high customer satisfaction. An important component of ultimate improvement would be making on-time deliveries every time. When a product is ready for use, the clock starts to count down how long it will take to complete the cycle from completing the manufacturing of a product to the consumption of that product. The longer it takes to get the product into the hands of the consumer, the more money a company loses. It is important that the products are delivered quickly and on time to the customers in order to maintain the companyââ¬â¢s customers and keep them loyal. So how does one streamline this process? By implementing a logistics plan of action, a company can do just that. Larger manufacturers will hire a logistics team that is responsible for the routing of goods from the company, to the freight transportation company, and finally to the end client. They will have a database system to track all inventory. They will monitor inventory levels to make sure that a backlog of supply occurs. An additional responsibility of transportation and logistics specialist is to account for accurate transportation times. It is vital for companies to be able to rely and trust that their shipments will arrive in a timely manner. Being well organized accounts for much of this success, but the ability to transport the shipments quickly is also important. Because the countryââ¬â¢s infrastructure has improved with better maintained highways and interstates, transportation times have decreased. Freight transportation is more reliable now because companies can more accurately predict when a shipment will arrive. Some trucking companies will even guarantee the precise day and hour that a delivery will be made. This is very important because customer satisfaction is often based around on-time deliveries and accurate accounting of merchandise. This has also helped to reduce the cost of shipping freight, since trucking companies now have reliable, more direct routes to utilize. It indirectly affects cost because better roads create less wear and tear on shipping vehicles. It is important for the organization to answer all e-mail and phone calls from customers within an hour. If possible, the owner of the business, personally take care of the problem. This will show that the organization cares about customers and will improve the service quality of the organisation. This is an important area of improvement in South Africa as clients would be able to trust load carriers as they would be in constant contact. It will give customers peace of mind if they can continuously monitor their cargo themselves and also stay in contact with their company. The organisation should offer as many contact methods as possible. Allow customers to contact you by e-mail. Hyperlink the e-mail address so customers wonââ¬â¢t have to type it. Offer toll free numbers for phone and fax contacts. Some trucking companies have contact numbers written on their trucks so that the customers can be able to contact that particular company when they need their service. The organisation should invite customers to company meetings, luncheons, workshops or seminars in the meeting the manager can inform the customers about when the products will be available in the market because it is important to give customers more than they expect. Create special events for the customers like parties, barbecueââ¬â¢s, dances etc. This will make them feel important when the company include them in regular business operations and special events (Larry Dotson, 2004) If a logistic team only concentrates on reducing freight cost, they could potentially lower customer service quality. Therefore, the goal of a logistics manager, or third party administrator, is to find a balance between cost and customer satisfaction. They must also be able to provide accurate tracking information, correctly estimate shipping cost, and be able to calculate delivery dates and times. By being organized, keeping cost low for the clients, and by making on time deliveries, freight management can help control the overall customer satisfaction of their clients. Reducing cost in freight transport is great, but if you can improve customer service at the same time, thatââ¬â¢s even better. Logistics software can help reduce costs in freight transportation and logistics while improving customer service quality. (Barone, 2003) In the South African industry research shows that there should be plans to shift back to rail-freight and reduce that of road as the overall cost of damage to roads will eventually filter down in costs to the customer. Although currently there are greater cost savings and cost competition in using road freight. Measuring Customer Service. Measuring customer service in logistics for any organization is crucial to determine whether the organization is doing what the customers are expecting. The needs of the customers differ to a large extent and the reason being is not all customers are treated the same. Since the needs of the customers differ to a large extent, organizations end up knowing so little in general about the customersââ¬â¢ real requirements hence they end up setting the service levels that are too high and hence too costly (Ballou, 1978). The high service levels result also in higher distribution costs and therefore the overall price of a product. Even though the aim of any organization is to meet the needs of each and every customer, the organizations should however try to generalize about customer service as much as possible to drive down the costs. The problem that is encountered while trying to measure the customer service is what factors to measure exactly. There has always been a contradiction on whether the service levels should be determined by the customers or be set by the organizations. The firms normally select factors that are easier to measure such as order handling, order picking times whereas customers might be interested or concerned about the order transmittal and delivery which tend to be more difficult to measure. Therefore to determine those factors or aspects that the customers value the most, the organizations normally use the performance model (Murphy and Wood, 2004). The performance model is a questionnaire that the customers fill on receipt of their orders; its main objective is to determine the percentage of times the firm accomplishes specific goals and objectives. Managers normally set some visible goals against which performance can be measured. These come in two forms; standards and policy statements (Ballou, 1978). The managers might for example set a standard whereby the target is to ensure a 95% in-stock rate, filling customer orders within 24 hours of receipt or a one day order cycle time for all customers staying close to the organization. Against these standards managers can be able to tell if they are meeting and exceeding the customer service levels the organization had set. I should be further noted that it is inefficient and costly to provide more service than the customer expect or requires hence the firm should try to meet to break-even. Some companies take customer service seriously in a sense that they even have the written printed statements. The policy statements promise the customers that the company intends to act in a specified way with regard to service. There are five ways in which the organizations measure or test the customer service levels (Gwilliam M, 2008). Firstly, if the organization is able to fill the orders then it must be meeting the customersââ¬â¢ expectations. Normally the acceptable standard is the 95% fill rate whereby it is only 5% of the time when there is stock out. Secondly it is the delivery of the goods on time. It is vital to measure how fast the organization can deliver the products that have been ordered. If most of the time the goods are not delivered at the targeted date then major changes need to be done. Furthermore, it is important to measure how successfully the customersââ¬â¢ concerns can be resolved. Since the customers use the enquiries to express their concerns, the proportion of the number of customer enquiries that have been effectively resolved can be used as a means of measuring customer service given the number of enquiries that have been received. Another way to measure customer service can be how quick the organization responds to the customersââ¬â¢ mails, emails, and phone calls. If the organization is able to respond to the customers within 24 hrs than the level of customer service is up to standard. The last way of measuring the customer service in logistics is by letting the customer decide. The customers can let the organization know if it is fulfilling the needs of its customers. The customer surveys that focus on the customer service issues can be conducted and from the response of the customer surveys the organization can be able to improve on the areas that the customers are not happy with. Once the level of customer service is known it becomes easier to control it. When the level of customer service is below the standard the customers become dissatisfied, however if the level of customer service is above or exceed what the customers require it increases the costs of the organization. Control is therefore defined as a process of taking corrective action when measurement indicates that the goals or objectives of customer service are not being achieved. For example, if the delivery targeted dates are not met there might be a need of changing the mode of transport or simply the route being used. Firstly the service level standards are set, and then the actual is compared to the standard. If there is a variation then the corrective measures need to be done so that the standard is met. At times the reason why the standard is not met is because it was set too high that it cannot be matched, in this case the standard itself needs to be revised. Conclusion ââ¬Å"The success of South Africaââ¬â¢s infrastructure growth challenges will be dependent on the ability of logistics infrastructure and, in particular, transportation, to cope with the demands placed on it. â⬠(Engineering news, 2007). In the future the quality of customer service will be the main determining factor in the survival of a company as customers become more aware of product offerings that will suit them. The transportation industry in South Africa is changing, with greater emphasis being placed on the customer and their level of satisfaction. This will bring a greater move forward in the industry that will see South Africa competing on the world stage in terms of transportation. Customer service is vital to the survival of any company, organisation or industry and establishing and implementing customer service policies that work is what will lead organisations and industries to greater growth and success. How to cite Customer Service in the Transport Logistics, Papers kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-56830195271018277652019-12-07T12:25:00.001-08:002019-12-07T12:25:04.123-08:00Conference On Information Systems Shanghai â⬠Myassignmenthelp.Com Question: Discuss About The Conference On Information Systems Shanghai? Answer: Introduction The audit report is the opinion given by the auditor on the fairness of the financial statements constructed by the management of organisation. The organisational management is responsible for the construction of the financial statement for the financial year showing the business activities and the position of the company in the financial term. The audit report should be prepared with integrity and subjectivity. The main motive of the audit report is only to give an opinion over the truthfulness and fairness of the financial statement. The audit report prepared by the auditor should be easy to understand by the general public and investors. The audit report should state the responsibility of the auditors while conducting the audit of the financial statement and then the opinion of the auditor is given (Pilcher, 2009). The audit report should be specific and does not indicate two meanings. The diversification in the audit reporting requirement is done with a motto to provide a better transparency in the audit report provided by the auditor of the company after analyzing the financial statement of the company. The following changes are made in the audit reporting format: These matters are same as introduced but these matters are identified by the auditor of the company independently (Kim, et. al., 2011). These Critical Audit Matters are used by the PCAOB to identify the important areas of the financial statement that are important for the audit. The financial statement of the company is prepared as per the going concern concept. Going concern implies that the company will engage in the operations of the business till foreseeable future as can be seen by the management of the company. With the increasing complexities of the organizations came the recognition of the growing need and importance of reporting of financial statements. The simple and clear motto of the general reporting on financial statements is to give the best available information of financial statements to the lenders, other creditors, potential and existing investors about the reporting entity in making the decision for providing assets, resources, and capital to the entity (White, et. al., 2005). Qualitative characteristics that are required to provide important, functional and required information of financial statements are distinguished by the framework Enhancing and growing characteristics like understandability, verifiability, comparability and timeliness. Basic and fundamental characteristics which are faithful representation and relevance Relevant and important financial information is having an ability of creating a contrast to the decision on the financial statements taken by the users. But in order to make a difference in the decisions by the users, information of financial statement has value of conformity, predictive value or both. Faithful and trustworthy representation substitutes the formerly existing term reliability from when the board identified there is a absence of usual and mutual reliability comprehension (Williams Wilmshurst, 2009). Information of the financial statement of the organization that loyally and trustworthily represents economic phenomenon is having three features as follows: It is free from error It is complete It is neutral Name of the company: AGL Energy Limited Disclosure requirement as per AASB 116: The financial statement of accounts should disclose, for every category of property, plant, and equipment: Method of depreciation used by the company, Rate of depreciation used or the useful lives, Bases for measurement used for analyzing and determining carrying amount which is to be grossed, The carrying amount which is grossed and the collected depreciation at the beginning and at the termination of time; and Reconcilement of the amount of carrying at starting and at the termination of time showing: Acquisition through the combination of business; Assets determined as held for sale purpose or comprised in a class of disposal identified as held for sale in relation to AASB 5 and another disposal. In the AGL Directors opinion there were no recognizable changes in the statement of affairs that occurred during the financial year other than those comprised in Directors report(AASB, 2010); Losses of impairment identified in other identified as profit and loss in relation to AASB 5 and other disposals; As per AASB 136, losses of impairment reverted in gains or loss. As per the context of AASB 136, Raise or reducing in resulting from assessing under the paragraphs 31, 39, AUS 39.1, 40 AUS 40.1 and AUS 40.2 and by losses of impairment identified or reverted in other inclusive revenue. The dissimilarity of net exchange arising from the rendering the financial statements from the useful currency into a diverse currency of presentation, comprised of the metaphrasing of action into the presentation of currency of the enterprise which is reporting; and Distinct charges The statements of final accounts must state the information regarding the following parts - (a) A number of expenditures identified in the property, plant, and equipments amount of carrying of an item of in the way of its erection; (b) If separately it is not mentioned while taking into account income statement, the money that is received by way of compensation from the external third party route for the items of PPE that were adrift, given up or impaired that is comprised of profits and losses (Yao, et. al., 2015). (c) The agreed commitment that is made on the legal contract terms amount for the taking over of PPE in the business of its erection. (d) Existence and amounts of property, plant, and equipment and restriction on title undertaking as security for liabilities. According to the conceptual framework, information relating to the financial statement is important when it represents faithfully and is relevant what it pretends to represent. The importance of financial statements is intensified when it is verifiable, comparable, understandable and timely. The fundamental qualitative characteristics of the economics reporting convey that the accounts in the financial statement of the company should be showcased with prior dignity and integrity (Walker, 2003). The financial data should be adequately relevant to the users of the financial statement. AGL Energy Limited has explained the data of the assets in the annual report 2016 as per the disclosure laid down in AASB 116(AGLenergyLTD, 2016). AGL Energy Limited has met the criteria of the AASB 116 reporting requirements as per the findings in answer 2. Disclosure requirement that is mentioned in the AASB 116 has been reported timely by the AGL Energy Limited. Critical analysis of extent the disclosure on Plant, property, and equipment fulfil the basic and fundamental: Additional qualitative characteristics of Functional Information of Financial Statement: Comparability: Comparability authorizes users of the financial statements to identify and discover resemblance and dissimilarity among units, both between diverse time within a combination of financial statements and across diverse reporting organization or business units. Usage of techniquess to construct financial statements assists to attain comparability should be followed consistently. Timeliness: One of the qualitative characteristics of prevailing framework is Financial statement should be representing on time (AASB, 2004). However, preferably than stressing the stability between reporting on time and information which is reliable, the framework which is revised allude more wide to timeliness as being able to affect makers of decision. Verifiability: It is totally and entirely a new concept in the revised framework. Financial information when enables independent and knowledgeable observers to arrive at an agreement or assent on whether a distictive portrait of a transaction or an event is a trustworthy, faithful and independent representation then only it said to be verifiable. Generally, the motto of reporting is to provide relevant data of financial statements about the organisation of reporting that is functional to the investors which are potential and existing, lender and other trade payables in the formulation of decisions about providing the support to the business unit (Walker, 2003). The AASB 116 complies efficiently with the general purpose financial reportings objective. The AASB 116 provides detailed and relevant data about the assets of the company in general purpose financial statement. AASB 116 is also providing detailed and complete information about the useful life of assets over which the depreciation is to be apportioned. Conclusion From the above discussion the analyst had drawn a conclusion that AASB 116 provides the detailed information of PPE to the users of the accounts of the financial statement of the company. The basic motive of the general financial statement is to give true and fair financial information to the users of accounts of financial statements of the company. The analyst presumed that the basic motto of financial statement is grabbed by AASB in reporting of assets of the company. As an improvement company should also report the change in method of depreciation and result of such change in the financial statement accounts of the company. The block of assets of the company must show the assets included in the assets list covered by the same block. References: AASB, A. S. (2004). Presentation of Financial Statements. Balance Sheet, 68, 73. AASB. (2010). Property, Plant and management. Retrieved from https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/AASB116_07-04_ERDRjun10_07-09.pdf AGLenergyLTD. (2016). AGL 2016 Annual Report. Retrieved from https://agl2016.annual-report.com.au/ Haswell, S., Langfield?Smith, I. (2008). Fifty?Seven Serious Defects in AustralianIFRS. Australian Accounting Review, 18(1), 46-62. Kim, S., Poon, S. K., Young, R. (2011). Issues around firm level classification of IT investment. In Thirty Second International Conference on Information Systems Shanghai,. Disponible en: https://rp-www. cs. usyd. edu. au/ spoon/publications. html [consultado 4 Nov 2011]. Pilcher, R. (2009). Deconstructing local government performance and infrastructure measurement. Asian Review of Accounting, 17(2), 163-176. Walker, R. G. (2003). Objectives of financial reporting.Abacus,39(3), 340-355. White, G. L., Sondh, A. C., Fried, D. (2005). Analysis of Financial Statement.Analysis. Williams, B. R., Wilmshurst, T. (2009). The achievability of sustainable reporting practices in agriculture. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 16(3), 155-166. Yao, D. F. T., Percy, M., Hu, F. (2015). Fair value accounting for non-current assets and audit fees: Evidence from Australian companies. Journal of Contemporary Accounting Economics, 11(1), 31-45 kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-61835182965683480252019-11-30T00:08:00.001-08:002019-11-30T00:08:02.655-08:00Value and Risk Management in construction UAE An Evaluation of Current and Potential Future Application of Value and Risk Management into Construction Project Management Professional Services in the Construction Sector in the UAEAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Value and Risk Management in construction UAE specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Abstract: The UAE had an unprecedented boom in its construction sector between 2004 and 2008. This ended during the international financial crisis of 2008. As a result, the UAE Prime Minister issued a decree requiring all contractors to use green principles in construction projects. The high-end construction market responded by adopting stronger VRM practices. The state of VRM in the UAE is that it is growing in prominence. However, the professionals in the area are very few. In many cases, external consultants provide VRM services. The future of VRM in the UAE requires better training for undergraduate engineers, to supple ment the efforts of the existing postgraduate VRM professionals. General Structure of the Paper This paper has two main sections. The paper includes a literature review covering the essential background of both value management and risk management, and the result of the combination of the two, into value and risk management. The paper also presents the findings of a survey conducted to determine the VRM awareness levels of professionals in the construction sector in the UAE. The paper concludes by presenting the conclusions obtained in answer to the problem statement. Introduction The UAE is a regional leader in the application of VRM principles. This paper seeks to examine the issues that have an impact on VRM practices in the UAE and the implications of these issues for the future. The period between 2004 and 2008 will remain etched in the memory of the UAE as the heyday of the construction industry. In that time, value management did not command much respect because investors in the construction sector did not demand efficiency in their projects. They favored fast pace construction over cost management. The result of this attitude is that the UAE is now home to some of the most energy intensive skyscrapers in the world. Value and risk management is slowly finding its place in the construction sector. The rules have changed. It is no longer survival for the swiftest in the UAE, but survival of the fittest. This article examines the current state and future opportunities of value management in the UAE.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More VRM in the UAE In any business, value comes from business processes. The professional process of ensuring that a certain process yields maximum value for the stakeholder at the least cost is value management . The definition of value in this case is not just the financial value. Rather it is value in the context of the ba lanced scorecard, which covers the financial value, value from internal processes, value for the customer in question, and value in terms of transferable experience for the contractor . On the other hand, risk management is an active process of finding potential events or circumstances that can affect the progress of a project if they take place during the life of the project . The occurrence of risk must be uncertain. Otherwise, the event ceases to be a risk. Risks associated with the construction sector range from material defects to industrial action by workers. The cost of many construction projects is very high. This creates the need to manage risks as effectively as possible. Risk management involves the identification of potential events that will trigger the risk and determining the probability of occurrence of that event. After that, the risk manager quantifies the impact of the occurrence of risk-causing event on the project in terms of loss of life, time, money, and busin ess opportunities. It is possible to view risk management as a specialized form of value management because risk can erode the value of a project. It serves a preventative purpose. Value management on the other hand aims at increasing value from the processes by reducing costs or increasing the utility of the outcomes of the project . According to Karim, Berawi, Yahya, Abdul-Rahman, and Mohamed (2007) the value management process has three stages namely, value planning, value engineering and value analysis. Value planning takes place during the planning phase of the project. Value engineering occurs during construction, while value analysis takes place after the construction phase. Value analysis helps in the establishment of measures to ensure that the value gained during the value engineering process lasts throughout the useful life of the building. The risk management process involves risk identification, analysis, response, and monitoring . Risk identification and analysis take place during the planning of the project at the same time as value planning. Risk monitoring takes place throughout the active life of the project. The construction teams use risk indicators to monitor the risks. Risk response depends on whether the risk events take place or not. If a risk occurs, risk response takes place. The amalgamation of risk management (RM) and value management (VM) into risk and value management (RVM) comes from the relative similarity of the objectives of these two aspects of construction management. Focusing on RM only can erode value while focusing on VM only can introduce high risks to the project .Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Value and Risk Management in construction UAE specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The rising stature of VRM in the UAE is as a direct result of the events that took place between 2004 and 2008 in the construction sector . In 2004, the construction sector in th e UAE was experiencing unprecedented growth. The country was on the path to achieve its dream of becoming a transport, trade, and commercial hub in the Middle East . This led to an increase in the number of the immigrants looking for work in the Emirates. In addition, many traders were coming to the UAE to close business deals. The result was that the demand for housing and commercial buildings grew. The country saw the construction of an unprecedented number of new buildings to meet the rising demand. Since investment funds were flowing, the speed of construction became the driving force. VM was not central to project planning in the construction industry. The UAE ended up undertaking projects that delivered buildings with the highest energy consumption in the world . In 2008, the UAE economy went through a downturn occasioned by the global financial crisis triggered by the US real estate market . Since that year, there has been a growing appreciation of the role VM can play in the construction industry. The shift towards VM goes back to 2007 when Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, the Prime Minister of the UAE, issued a decree that ordered players in the construction industry to conform to a newly established green standard in their projects . The decree took effect in January 2008 just when the global financial crisis was hitting the UAE. From that time, there has been a steady increase in the number of construction companies using VM in order to meet project goals and the regulatory goals. Evidence in literature suggests that the current state of application of VRM in the UAE is uncoordinated. While there is widespread recognition of the potential saving the use of VRM can bring to projects, the practice is not widespread. It appears that the planning processes of construction projects do not include VRM. A case in point is the low-income housing project in Musaffah, Abu Dhabi in which VRM principles were not part of the planning process . Some of the design choices made by the project planners seemed unsuited for the construction projects. For instance, the houses contained some utilities such as gas-powered central heating, which is not fitting for low-income housing . In addition, the water tanks positioned outside on the roofs of the houses started malfunctioning after three years, yet the project requirements stated that the life cycle for each house was to be twenty-five years . The main contention resulting from this situation is that project planners did not carry out VRM with the users of the house in mind.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Rather, the designers used uneconomical design options to raise their design fees since they charge a percentage of overall project cost. The current application of VRM in construction projects in the UAE is also a reflection of the little manpower available to conduct VRM. The VRM Survey Methodology A VRM survey conducted for this project revealed several issues regarding the current and future prospects of VRM in the UAE. The survey involved professionals working in the construction industry with decision-making responsibilities. Results The key findings of the survey were that only ten percent of the engineering professionals in the construction sector have any form of training in VRM, and none of the respondents have participated in a VM program. VM training in the UAE is available in postgraduate courses in construction management. The graduates do not all go to practice VRM hence the lack of involvement in any VRM project. The fact that most professional engineers in the UAE w ithout postgraduate qualifications have not formal training in VRM may indicate the low skill levels in the area of VRM in the country. Other findings in the survey showed that there is a general understanding of what RM is, but the views of respondents on VM did not demonstrate a strong grasp of the concept. When asked about their understanding of VM, most of the respondents used cost savings as the main issue in VM. The answers included phrases like, ââ¬Å"help clients reduce costsâ⬠, ââ¬Å"managing expenses in constructionâ⬠, and ââ¬Å"having the best quality with least moneyâ⬠. Forty percent of the respondents had no idea what VM meant. There seemed to be a perception that VM is part of project scope management because many responses included phrases talking about time, quality, and money. The responses for a similar question relating to RM showed a better understanding of RM in a project. RM is a core part of undergraduate construction courses hence it is not surprising that most of the respondents were articulate about RM. None of the respondents had any experience in analyzing the benefits of VRM exercise because none of them had participated in a VRM exercise. All the respondents felt that the application of VRM in the UAE should continue. The responses depended on their understanding of VRM in the first place. One respondent pointed out that VRM activities take place in large projects only. Therefore, there is a need to downstream the practice. Another respondent also added that the practice of VRM in the UAE is selective. The project managers choose to implement some elements and ignore others. This leads to low return from the VRM process, which requires implementations throughout the project cycle. Based on this survey, the need to make VRM conventional is obvious. If the professionals in the construction industry do not have a clear understanding of the basics of VRM, then the construction industry will not have people who can ch ampion for VRM. The best way to tackle this gap is to include VRM in the training curriculums of all construction courses. Even if this does not produce VRM consultants, it will empower these professionals to evaluate the benefits of VRM in construction projects. The current model where consultants carry out all VRM activities is not sustainable for nationwide impact. If project initiators do not want to spend money on consultants, a project does not benefit fully from VRM. Training all professionals in the industry to understand VRM will increase the appreciation and application of VRM in the industry. In conclusion, while the data available from industry sources such as The Oxford Business Group may suggest a vibrant VRM environment in the UAE, the data collected for this project shows that there are serious training gaps in VRM in the UAE. Industry publications are niche publications hence they may report in detail issues having an effect on a very small part of the overall envir onment. Conclusions The main conclusions from this project are as follows. VRM is increasing in importance in the UAE, partly because of intervention by the state, and partly because of the lessons learnt after the global financial crisis. The decree by Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, the Prime Minister of the UAE that took effect in 2008 requires all construction projects to use green principles in construction. VRM is an essential part of ensuring all green projects meet the requirements of the decree. Secondly, there is inadequate capacity in the UAE to mainstream VRM across the construction sector. This conclusion comes from the survey conducted for the purposes of this project to find out the current level of manpower available to push forward the VRM agenda in the UAE. If UAE can train professionals at all levels, then it will improve the practice of VMR in the country. Thirdly, the Engineering Associations in the can play a part in mainstreaming VRM by conducting train ing seminars for all engineers working in the UAE. Currently the training levels of VRM are too advanced. Undergraduate engineers do not have the skills and experience needed to implement VRM in their settings. Finally, institutions of higher learning in the UAE need to include VRM as part of the coursework for all construction courses at undergraduate level. This will serve to increase the capacity of the country to make VRM a part of construction planning for all sizes of projects. References Abdellatif, MA Othman, AA 2008, ââ¬ËImproving the Sustainability of Low Income Housing Projects: The Case of Residential Buildings in Musaffah Commercial City in Abu Dhabi.ââ¬â¢, Emirates Journal of Engineering, vol 11, no. 2, pp. 47-58. Davies, RH Davies, AJ 2011, Value Management: Translating Aspirations Into Performance, Gower Publishing, Surrey. Gordon, RJ 2012, ââ¬ËIs U.S. Economic Growth Over? Faltering Innovation Confronts the Six Headwinds NBER, vol 18315, pp. 1-23. Jaapar, A Torrance, JV 2010, ââ¬ËContribution of Value Management to the Malaysian Construction Industry: A New Insightââ¬â¢, Faculty of Architecture, Planning Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Darul Ehsan. Karim, SBA, Berawi, MA, Yahya, IA, Abdul-Rahman, H Mohamed, O 2007, ââ¬ËThe Integration of Value and Risk Management In Infrastructure Projects: Learning from Othersââ¬â¢, Quantity Surveying International Conference., Value Management Centre (VMC), Faculty of the Built Environment, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumper. Koenig, M Meissner, J 2011, ââ¬ËRisk Minimizing Strategies for Revenue Management Problems with Target Values. ââ¬Ë, Working Paper, Department of Management Science, Lancaster University Management School, Lancaster University Press, Lancaster. KPMG 2003, ââ¬ËInternal Auditââ¬â¢s Role in Modern Corporate Governanceââ¬â¢, Risk and Advisory Services, KPMG, KPMG, Hong Kong. Meredeth, JR Mantel, SJ 2011, Project Management: A Manager ial Approach, 8th edn, John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, NJ. Othman, AA 2005, ââ¬ËValue and Risk Management Protocol for Dynamic Brief Development in Constructionââ¬â¢, Emirates Journal for Engineering Research, vol 10, no. 2, pp. 23-36. Othman, AA 2008, ââ¬ËIncorporating Value and Risk Managemen Concepts in Developing Low Cost Housing Projects ââ¬Ë, Emirates Journal for Engineering Research, vol 13, no. 1, pp. 45-52. Siterman, E 2009, Value engineering in Dubai, https://www.constructionweekonline.com/article-6484-value-engineering-in-dubai#.UK-MnuR1-OH. The Oxford Business Group 2008, The Report: Dubai 2008, Oxford Business Group, Dubai. This essay on Value and Risk Management in construction UAE was written and submitted by user Giancarlo Russell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-32531596246959768772019-11-25T22:17:00.001-08:002019-11-25T22:17:03.959-08:00The role of ApoE and its isoforms in Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease The WritePass JournalThe role of ApoE and its isoforms in Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease The role of ApoE and its isoforms in Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease IntroductionThe ApoE gene (Physiological Functions)The ApoE isomersApoE Aà ² Aggregation (Fibrillogenesis)Aà ² Clearance by ApoE ApoE and Neuronal InflammationConclusionBibliographyRelated Introduction Research into the genetic causes of Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease have progressed considerably and currently at least three different genes are known to be linked with AD pathogenesis. Of these the apolipoprotein gene E (APOE), an amino acid glycoprotein, is one of the main focus of research over the last decade or so and significant associations between one particular isoform of the gene and the onset of AD have been reported. This isomer, referred to as the ApoE 4 allele, has been implicated in AD pathogenesis while other forms of the gene the ApoE 2 and the ApoE 3 have been reported to have a protective effect against the onset of AD. Though research has confirmed this variable effect of the different forms of the ApoE gene, there is still a lack of concrete evidence as to the exact pathway and the mechanism by which ApoE 4 contributes to neurodegeneration in AD patients.à A brief review of related research would provide us more insight into the various pathological actions of Apo E 4 and how these multiple factors could lead to a gradual cognitive decline which is symptomatic in Alzheimerââ¬â¢s patients. The ApoE gene (Physiological Functions) ApoE is an amino acid glycoprotein that is found mainly in the liver and the brain. In the brain, ApoE is predominantly secreted by the astrocytes. Two other forms of apolipoproteins namely ApoA-1 and ApoJ are also found in the brain. In vitro studies of these two genes have so far suggested that both of them exhibit a neuroprotective effect. Both these proteins bind to Aà ² and therefore are thought to reduce Aà ² aggregation in the brain which is a known marker of AD.à However, in vivo studies have not replicated such results and so the protective roles of ApoA-1 and ApoJ are not yet clear.à The ApoE supports cholesterol equilibrium by serving as a ligand during endocytosis of lipoprotein particles by LDL receptors. Research is divided in the opinion that the cholesterol released from ApoE mediated endocytosis process is actually used for improving the synaptic connections or the synaptic plasticity. Mice based in vivo studies have not attested to this synaptogenesis. (Kim et.al, 2009) The ApoE isomers Three single nucleotide polymorphisms of the ApoE gene are commonly identified in humans. These are the apoE2 (cys112, cys158), apoE3 (cys112, arg158), and apoE4 (arg112, arg158) respectively. (Kim et.al, 2009) The structural and functional aspects of the three isomers of ApoE are totally altered though they differ by only one or two amino acid positions. à Studies have reported strong immune-reactivity of the human apoE4 gene on amyloid plagues and the apoE4 isomer has been associated with having a strongest risk factor for AD. Some studies such as (Bertram et al., 2007) and (Bertram et al., 2009) have attested to this role of the apoE4 isomer in AD.à Bertram et al., 2009 for instance reported that people with a single copy of the apoE4 gene had a three fold increase in risk for AD, while the à risk was 12 fold among those with a dual copy of the ApoE4 gene.à The results from studies also suggest the possible role of some environmental factors as research based on some eth nic groups have revealed that the ApoE 4 gene does not have a significant effect on AD. ApoE Aà ² Aggregation (Fibrillogenesis) Several research studies have focused upon the potential role of ApoE 4 in causing Aà ² aggregation and neuronal degeneration. This direct interaction between the ApoE 4 with beta amyloid is attributed in the pathogenesis of the disease. Therefore it was hypothesized that increased levels of ApoE 4 in the brain corresponded to increased formation and thickness of amyloid plaques. The findings from one comprehensive study by Tiraboschi et.al (2004) validated this hypothesis. The researchers in this study confirmed increased plaque density corresponding to increased levels of ApoE 4. This positive association was again confirmed by a more recent study by Reiman et.al (2009). The researchers of this study used an amyloid detecting agent such as Pittsburgh compound B (PIB) along with positron emission tomography to detect the levels of fibrillar Aà ² in the subjects. The researchers then correlated this information among individuals with varied genetic risks. The results from the study clearly revealed that ApoE 4 homozygotes had the highest risk (91%) for developing AD while ApoE 4 heterozygotes had a moderate risk of 47% and finally ApoE 4 non carriers had only 20% risk of having AD. Furthermore, the mean age of onset of AD was also vastly different with ApoE 4 homozygotes at 64, heterozygotes at 76 and 84 years of age among non carriers. à This longitudinal study clearly provides positive evidence connecting the ApoE 4 gene with a high risk for AD. à Thus there is enough evidence that ApoE 4 gene may aid in ï ¬ brillogenesis and consequent cognitive decli ne. (Reiman et.al 2009). Aà ² Clearance by ApoE Some studies have shown that ApoE by binding with soluble Aà ² promotes the cellular uptake and ingestion of the ApoE ââ¬âAà ² complex à à by endocytosis.à However, isomer specific results for this ApoE facilitated cellular uptake of Aà ² are still awaited. à Research has also focused on the possible clearance ofà Aà ² from the brain via the blood brain barrier. However, there is growing evidence that ApoE 4 might actually hinder or reduce this clearance of Aà ². à Deane et.al (2008), a study based on mice reported that the clearance rate of ApoE 4 ââ¬âAà ² complex is much lower than that for the ApoE2 and ApoE 3 complexes. Other recent studies such as Bell et.al (2007) and Ito et.al (2007) that focused on studying the Aà ² clearance in humans found that the clearance rate along the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) was significantly lower for the ApoE 4 ââ¬âAà ² complex compared to that of simple Aà ² peptides. à These studies offer enough evidence that ApoE 4 might actually increase the fibrillogenesis by directly affecting the Aà ² metabolism in the brain. By reducing the clearance rate and promoting aggregation ApoE 4 gene definitely poses an increased risk factor for AD. ApoE and Neuronal Inflammation Several studies have reported that ApoE has marked anti inflammatory properties which explain the surge in their production in the aftermath of an injury. These studies hypothesize that ApoE is needed for maintaining the cholesterol homeostasis, and in particular for increasing the availability of cholesterol for neuronal repair and improving the synaptic plasticity subsequent to brain injury. (Slezak Pfriege, 2003 ). However studies have also reported differences in neurite growth and synaptic plasticity post neuronal insult in animal studies based on the genotype.à One transgenic mice study found that neuronal growth and synaptogenesis were markedly lower among ApoE 4 transgenic mice compared to ApoE3 transgenic mice. (White et.al, 2001) An extensive review of the neuroprotective effects of the various ApoE isomers by (Cambon et al, 2000) clearly showed differential effects between the isomers. Most of the studies reported that ApoE3 promoted synaptic plasticity and neurite gro wth. However similar positive results were not witnessed in the case of ApoE 4 alleles with some studies even reporting the negative effects of ApoE 4 on synaptic plasticity and neuronal growth. à Colton et.al (2004) found that the anti-inflammatory effects vary drastically between the ApoE isomers.à The researchers studied this variability in anti-inflammatory response triggered by the ApoE 3 and ApoE4 isomers by using in vivo experiment conducted on ApoE knockin mice. By studying Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mediated inflammatory responses the researchers observed the differences between the isomers. The inflammatory response was much greater in the ApoE 4 knockin mice when compared to the ApoE3 Knockin mice. These studies suggest that the anti inflammatory response maybe less active in ApoE 4 and this might lead to neuronal damage as witnessed in AD patients.à à (Kim et.al, 2009) Conclusion The review of studies has revealed that the ApoE isomers have differential effects on the Aà ² metabolism in the brain. While the ApoE 2 and ApoE 3 isomers have been reported for their protective effects the ApoE 4 allele clearly seems to contribute to the AD pathogenesis. Results from recent fibrillar PET imaging studies suggest a clear positive correlation between the ApoE 4 allele and the density of amyloid plaque formation. It is clear that by slowing down clearance of Aà ² as well as contributing to its aggregation in the brain, the ApoE 4 allele increases the susceptibility of a person for AD. It is also possible that the ApoE 4 also lowers the protective function by increasing the neuronal inflammatory response and by hindering neurite growth. More studies are necessary to understand the complex relationship between ApoE and Aà ² and the levels of different isomers of ApoE and their corresponding impact on Neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity, etc. Bibliography Jungsu Kim, Jacob M. Basak, David M. Holtzman, (Aug 13th 2009), The Role of Apolipoprotein E in Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease, Neuron 63. Bertram, L., McQueen, M.B., Mullin, K., Blacker, D., and Tanzi, R.E. (2007) Systematic meta-analyses of Alzheimer disease genetic association studies: the AlzGene database. Nat. Genet. 39, 17ââ¬â23. Bertram, L., McQueen, M.B., Mullin, K., Blacker, D., and Tanzi, R.E. (2009). The AlzGene Database Alzheimer Research Forum available at, alzgene.org. Eric M. Reiman, Kewei Chen,Xiaofen Liu et.al (Apr 2009), Fibrillar amyloid-à ² burden in cognitively normal people at 3 levels of genetic risk for Alzheimers disease, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.à ;à 106(16): 6820ââ¬â6825. Bell, R.D., Sagare, A.P., Friedman, A.E., Bedi et.al (2007). Transport pathways for clearance of human Alzheimerââ¬â¢s amyloid beta-peptide and apolipoproteins E and J in the mouse central nervous system. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 27, 909ââ¬â918. Ito, S., Ohtsuki, S., Kamiie, J., Nezu, Y., and Terasaki, T. (2007). Cerebral clearance of human amyloid-beta peptide (1-40) across the blood-brain barrier is reduced by self-aggregation and formation of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 ligand complexes. J. Neurochem. 103, 2482ââ¬â2490 Part 2 Fibrillar amyloid-à ² burden in cognitively normal people at 3 levels of genetic risk for Alzheimers diseaseà (Reiman et.al 2009) This research study by Reiman et.al (2009) hypothesized that fibrillar amyloid accumulation is an early development in the onset of Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease.à The researchers further hypothesized that the fibrillar amyloid accumulation precedes any recognizable symptoms of cognitive decline. Amyloid plaques are a distinct feature of AD as observed from post mortem studies. Given the hypothesis that fibrillar Aà ² accumulation is observed even in healthy, non symptomatic adults, the researchers intended to study the effect of fibrillar Aà ² burden as a predictor of future onset of AD on adults with normal cognitive function using Ante mortemà brain imaging studies. For this study, the researchers used Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB), a radio ligand that binds only with the fibrillar Aà ² species. Earlier studies have also used this PIB for imaging studies of live human brain to observe the formation of fibrillar Aà ² in healthy adults. This study by the authors is aimed to extend the previous studies by providing a genetic risk analysis and to understand the predisposition to AD based on an individuals APOE genotype. The APOE genotypes were identified by using blood sample analysis. The researchers used fluorodeoxyglucose PET, volumetric MRI and neuropsychological tests. Fibrillar imaging was done using 3 dimensional HR+ scanner.à The subjects of this study were all cognitively normal and late middle aged people representing a mixture of APOE genotypes. This was a longitudinal study and the subjects were assessed every 2 years. The researchers observed that cerebral glucose metabolism levels of those subjects carrying dual copy of the ApoE 4 (homozygotes) was significantly lower than that of the heterozygotes and the non carriers. With the PiB Pet images the researchers compared and correlated the fibrillar burden with the genetic risk to understand the predisposition for AD between the various isomers. The average Pittsburgh(PiB) distribution volume rations(DVR), which is a measure of the fibrillar Aà ² accumulation, was on increase in all the three different groups in the 2 years period. One of the homozygote subjects developed mild amnesia and her DVR was close to that of an AD patient. Overall of all the 28 subjects (8 homozygotes, 8 heterozygotes and 12 non carriers), the ROI measurements pertaining to the different brain regions such as temporal, parietal, posterior cingulate-precuneus, basal ganglia, etc, was the highest among the homozygotes. The researchers used statistical analysis and found that the homozygotes had considerably higher ROI values when compared to the non carriers (Pà .05) while the difference between the heterozygotes and the non carriers was not significant (.05 à Pà .11). When correlated the APOE4 and Fibrillar Aà ² burden was found to be significant among both homozygotes and heterozygotes compared with the non carriers. The study authors successfully found that even in cognitively normal individuals there is a positive correlation between ApoE 4 and fibrillar Aà ². The results from the study suggest that the ApoE 4 is clearly associated with increased Aà ² aggregation and decreased Aà ² clearance. The following PET map clearly indicates the various regions of the brain that are affected by Aà ² accumulation. Group A represents the homozygotes while group B and C represent the heterozygotes and non carriers respectively. Longitudinal studies are very effective in following the growth of fibrillar Aà ² accumulation as they provide a clear pattern of disease progression even in the asymptomatic stage. People who are in late middle age who are at risk for AD would greatly benefit from a prophylactic intervention based on the brain mapping study and their ApoE genotype. This study clearly contributes to our understanding that the ApoE 4 is directly involved in the Aà ² interaction and the formation of Amyloid Plaques. By considering live brain images for the study the authors were able to clearly confirm the association between the ApoE 4 and Aà ² fibrillar density and predict the increased susceptibility of people with that genotype. This study has large implications for the treatment of AD. By proving that Aà ² fibrillar formation precedes a perceivable cognitive decline, this study recommends early interventions particularly for people with ApoE 4 genotype, as the current Aà ² modifying treatments would be more effective before extensive Aà ² accumulation has occurred. The researchers advocate the use of brain imaging studies combined with genotype based risk assessment as a potentially powerful tool in preventive therapy for people who are at a genetically high risk for AD. One of the drawbacks of the study is the very small study sample. A large cohort based longitudinal study would have provided more conclusive confirmation of the study results. Bibliography Eric M. Reiman, Kewei Chen,Xiaofen Liu et.al (Apr 2009), Fibrillar amyloid-à ² burden in cognitively normal people at 3 levels of genetic risk for Alzheimers disease, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.à ;à 106(16): 6820ââ¬â6825. kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-72952152085359850412019-11-22T05:41:00.001-08:002019-11-22T05:41:03.996-08:00Business and Management Free-Sample for Students-Myassignmenthelp Business and management are interrelated with each other. Application of effective management techniques assists the personnel of panies and organizations to carry out the business activities efficiently. For the achievement of efficiency in business activities, raw materials are a crucial factor (Gollenia, 2016). Within this, adherence to the integrated structure helps the personnel to create and develop effective plans. Involvement of the employees, stakeholders and shareholders within this process helps the personnel to ensure the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed plans in terms of the identified and the specified requirements. Maintenance of consistency in the execution of evaluation brings to the forefront the potential drawbacks in the products and services. Exposure of spontaneity in rectification of the drawbacks reflects the corporate attitude of the personnel (Weske, 2012). Herein, lays the true essence of the aspect of management . All these aspects seem tru e for Westfarmers. Theoretical framework provides a clearer understanding about the basic concepts related to the management of business activities. One of these theories is the contingency theory, which pels the managers to put on their thinking caps in terms of taking decisions for the betterment of the panies and organizations (Fadun, 2013). Maintaining pace with the current trends is an important proposition of this theory. This alignment helps the personnel of Westfarmers to maintain their position within the Australian market. Involvement of the employees, stakeholders, shareholders and agency partners in the decision-making process proves beneficial for Westfarmers in ensuring the effectiveness of the proposed plans in terms of the identified and specified requirements (Wong et al., 2014). Along with the contingency theory, systems theory proves beneficial for Westfarmers in terms of achieving successful pletion of the business activities. Viewing it from other perspectives, systems theory helps the personnel of Westfarmers to ensure the presence of defects within the devices. This reflects the consciousness of the personnel towards bestowing productive energy to the buyers. Hiring experts for detecting the presence of virus attacks or hacking interventions is an indication of effective utilization of systems theory by the Westfarmers personnel. Delving deep into the functionality of Westfarmers, for the production of efficient and productive energy, technologically advanced machines are required (Zhang & Wang, 2012). Negligence in this direction deprives the Westfarmers personnel from getting uninterrupted current flow for manufacturing efficient energy resources. This negligence is also an obstacle in terms of ensuring the smooth functioning of the internal parts of the devices. On the contrary, market research in terms of getting the advanced machines. However, ensuring financial flexibility is crucial for adopting mahines, whih aligns with the modern tehnology (Jeston & Nelis, 2014). Evaluation of the seleted device helps the personnel to ensure the effectiveness and applicability of the selected device in terms of the identified and specified requirements. Maintenance of consistency in the execution of evaluation brings noticeable improvements in the performance of Westfarmers. Exposure of consistency towards the evaluation upgrades the status of the Westfarmers in terms of enjoying petitive advantage over the contemporary brands. One of the noticeable facts within this is the adherence and pliance to the petitive policies, which helps the Westfarmers personnel to indulge into fair trades, transactions and deals with the contemporary brands (Fleischmann et al., 2014). The ââ¬Å"fairnessâ⬠in the earlier sentence aligns with the factor of quality, which is one of the major factors for attaining customer satisfaction. In order to manage the business activities, Westfarmers personnel abide by an integrated structure. As a matter of specification, within the management e ponents, such as sales, operations, finance and human resource management. Finance is an agent, which aters to the effective management of sales operations and human resource management. Flexibility in the financial aspect helps the Westfarmer personnel to introduce prospective schemes, offers and discounts for the buyers. Simultaneously with the success, failures also find its way. Countering this, emerging successful in ove ing the failures, qualifies Westfarmers as leader within the brands struggling for a firm place in the petitive market of Australia (Becker, Kugeler & Rosemann, 2013). The effective coordination between the functional units of the departments is the keystone towards managing the crisis period. The major drive behind this is the pliance to the risk assessment process, which is assistance towards reducing the i ntensity of the potential risk factors. Identification of the risks and their causes solves half of the problem. Application of known solutions further eases out the process of risk assessment. In case of failures, application of alternate solutions reflects the conscious attitude of the Westfarmer personnel in terms of ensuring the wellbeing of the customers (Weiss, 2014). Along with this, rating the risks projects the confidence of the personnel towards reducing the intensity of the risk factors. Emerging successful in this direction adds value to the roles and responsibilities of the managers. Involvement of the employees, stakeholders, shareholders and agency partners in this risk assessment process helps the organizational personnel in terms of ensuring the effectiveness of the implemented solution for carrying out the business activities (Rosemann & Brocke, 2015). Herein, lays the conjoined significance of business and management. Adherence and pliance to the risk assessment p rocess is an additional assistance in terms of reducing the instances of harassments, discriminations, conflicts among others. Apart from risk assessment, training forms an important ponent for Westfarmers personnel in terms of managing the business activities. Frequent training programs improve the grasping power of the employees on the basic management skills. Providing training to the employees on the operation of the devices brings efficiency in the business activities of the organization. Taking post-training tests enables the managers to test the capability of the employees to make practical application of the learnt skills in the workplace operations (Dumas et al., 2013). Moreover, trainings also prove essential in handling the emergency situations in an effective manner. Provision of adequate motivation and encouragement by the managers generates an urge among the employees to expose better performance. Maintenance of consistency from both sides in this context results in the exposure of professional performance of the Westfarmers personnel. Conscious attitude towards the reduction of carbon and smoke emission enhances the corporate social responsibilities of the organization (Chang, 2016). As a matter of specification, boycotting the utilization of carbon footprints in the manufacture of the energy resources proves advantageous for the organization, Westfarmers in mitigating the health hazards of the customers. This action expands the reputational status of the organization into a widespread one. Exposure of consciousness in this direction uplifts the corporate attitude of the personnel. This results in the establishment of professionalism in the workplace of the organization (Hutt & Speh, 2012). Provision of safe and fortable workplace to the employees results in the outpour of creative output, which takes the organization, Westfarmers to achieve high growth rate and a sound profit margin. Adoption of social media helps the organization, Westfarmers to expand the business. Putting the news of the newly launched devices makes the investors aware of the organizational issues. The means of social media supports the organization to increase the trafficking of the audience towards the brand image (Aalst, 2013). Levying authentic information to the customers, agency partners enhances the brand awareness of the organization. One of the noticeable features about Westfarmers is the effective management of human resources. Provision of training on the effective and judicious utilization of the organizational resources adds efficiency in the business activities. Viewing it from other perspective, this efficiency contradicts the issues of inadequate stock of raw materials. Attaching the concept of soial media here, advertising authentic information about the recruitment process systematizes the management of human resources (Rà ¶glinger, Pà ¶ppelbuß & Becker, 2012). Herein, management and business can be placed in an equal alignment, which establishes relevancy with the requirements of the discussion. Emerging successful in ove ing the challenges attains a different connotation towards management. Herein, the statement, ââ¬Å"Failures are the stepping stones of successâ⬠, b es tautologically true. Dedication and mitment towards upgrading the services adds color to the steps, which leads to the path of success. On the contrary, negligence in this direction aggravates the hardness of the stones, which detach the organization from the identified and specified business requirements (Hutt & Speh, 2012). Herein, lays the interplay with the phases of success and failure of the organization, which adds value to the discussion. On the other hand, this interplay can be aligned with the organizational capability to restore lost glory and honor within the petitive ambience of the market. Different parameters of management helps Westfarmers broaden the perspectives of the managers. Risk assessment brings to the forefront the areas on which training needs to be delivered to the employees. à Effective and judicious utilization of the provided training adds efficiency in the business activities of the organization (Chang, 2016). Within this, utilization of the means, such as, social media acts as a promotional activity for the organization in terms of achieving large scale ustomer satisfaction. Specifically, execution of marketing mix supports the organization to align with their mission, vision and core values. Consciousness of the personnel in this direction adds to the organizational culture, which provides a better placement to the organization within the Australian market. Becker, J., Kugeler, M., & Rosemann, M. (Eds.). (2013).à Process management: a guide for the design of business processes. Springer Science & Business Media. Chang, J. F. (2016).à Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. CRC Press. Dumas, M., La Rosa, M., Mendling, J., & Reijers, H. A. (2013).à Fundamentals of business process managementà (Vol. 1, p. 2). Heidelberg: Springer. Fadun, O. S. (2013). Risk management and risk management failure: Lessons for business enterprises.à International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences,à 3(2), 225. Fleischmann, A., Schmidt, W., Stary, C., Obermeier, S., & Brger, E. (2014).à Subject-oriented business process management. Springer Publishing pany, Incorporated. Gollenia, L. A. (2016).à Business Transformation Management Methodology. Routledge. Hutt, M. D., & Speh, T. W. (2012).à Business marketing management: B2B. Cengage Learning. Jeston, J., & Nelis, J. (2014).à Business process management. Routledge. Rà ¶glinger, M., Pà ¶ppelbuß, J., & Becker, J. (2012). Maturity models in business process management.à Business Process Management Journal,à 18(2), 328-346. Rosemann, M., & vom Brocke, J. (2015). The six core elements of business process management. Inà Handbook on business process management 1à (pp. 105-122). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Van Der Aalst, W. M. (2013). Business process management: a prehensive survey.à ISRN Software Engineering,à 2013. Weiss, J. W. (2014).à Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Weske, M. (2012). Business process management architectures. Inà Business Process Managementà (pp. 333-371). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Wong, W. P., Tseng, M. L., & Tan, K. H. (2014). A business process management capabilities perspective on organisation performance.à Total Quality Management & Business Excellence,à 25(5-6), 602-617. Zhang, P., & Wang, C. (2012). The evolution of social merce: an examination from the people, business, technology, and information perspective. kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-73356870179075232852019-11-20T20:46:00.001-08:002019-11-20T20:46:03.533-08:00Reflexive Managers in Contemporary Organisations Term PaperReflexive Managers in Contemporary Organisations - Term Paper Example Every manager has to realize that there is dual responsibility associated with this position as the individual has to both accomplish the organizational objectives and provide guidance to the subordinates in giving their best efforts. Moreover, the managers have to perform their self-assessment to review their own set of competencies and make sure that they possess the proficiencies required for assisting the subordinates or employees in contributing effectively within the enterprises (Cunliffe, 2013). In order to provide appropriate resources to the managers, the theorists of the organizational management field have stressed the need for utilizing the reflection process within their job responsibilities. In the present era, everyone has to act as a reflexive individual who continuously and critically thinks about the way an action is taken by the person. This analysis will allow the individual to assess the act from various perspectives so that he/she can review the perception held by the person and how others will perceive it (Bradbury, 2010; Gunia et al., 2012). Also, most of the contemporary organizations are supporting the designing and implementation of the training programs for the management positions in which managers are given adequate training for becoming the reflexive practitioners or reflexive managers (Broussine & Ahmed, 2013). The overall aim of such training sessions is to develop the critical thinking and self-assessment techniques in the managers so that they can reflect upon their own course of actions and be assured that a positive, complying and appropriate perception is created in the minds of the subordinates (Bolton, 2010). Moreover, it is stated by Hibbert (2012) that reflexive manager is mandatory for the modern day organizations as the expert has to critically evaluate his/her own practices at three instances i.e. before, during and after the decision/action.à kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-70243002120601696612019-11-18T23:52:00.001-08:002019-11-18T23:52:04.661-08:00Nissan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 wordsNissan - Essay Example These cars were developed first in the late 1960s and have continued to be modified to adapt to the changing the changing trends to date. On the other hand, there is the Nissan Patrol is a suburban utility vehicle (SUV) that was developed around 1951 to compete with car brands such as Toyotaââ¬â¢s Land Cruiser. This car has been advanced over the generations and currently it is in its sixth generation, which began in 2010. The Patrol occurs has a four-wheel drive and is available in either short-wheelbase with three doors or long-wheelbase with five door chassis. Both cars come in a variety of models that have continued to attract customers due to the continued development. The development of Nissan Skyline GT-R brand has a long history that is linked to the previous products developed by Nissan. Prince Automobile Company was the first company to use the word ââ¬ËSkylineââ¬â¢- they developed sedan cars that fell on a line of Skyline products. However, after the merger with Nissan-Datsun, it adopted the Skyline series of cars. Skyline cars were developed with rear wheel drive, an aspect that continued to the 1990s when other manufacturers started focusing on shifting the drive to the front wheels. The adoption of the GT-R cars for racing purposes made them to have direct market while at other instances some of the versions such as the KPGC110 2000 GT-R made very little sales, a situation that was attributed to a looming energy crisis at the time. Just before the development of Nissan Skyline GT-R, there was the S54 2000 GT-B that was a powerful racecar at the time. The GT-R series saw the development of PGC10 2000 GT-R, which made very impressive wins over a period of almost two years. There were a number of racing victories that were associated with this particular car from 1964 to the time it was discontinued in 1972. The Nissan Motorsport (Nismo) has been on the forefront of developing this car to kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-75540313480240904142019-11-16T12:25:00.001-08:002019-11-16T12:25:03.381-08:00The aim of ISIS Essay Example for Free The aim of ISIS Essay I known as Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant and Islamic State. The aim of ISIS is to create an Islamic state across Sunni areas of Iraq and in Syria. ISIS is known for killing dozens of people at a time and carrying out public executions and crucifixions. It has taken over large swaths of northern and western Iraq. The group currently controls hundreds of miles. It ignores international borders and has a presence from Syrias Mediterranean coast to south of Baghdad. It rules by Sharia law. Unable to serve under the new Iraq government after Saddam Husseins military was disbanded, former Iraqi soldiers became ISIS fighters. ISIS took Baquba, Iraq, as its capital and swore allegiance to Abu Omar al-Baghdadi as the groupââ¬â¢s emir. Baghdadiââ¬â¢s real name is Hamed Dawood Mohammed Khalil al-Zawi; he was born in 1959. He used to work in the Iraqi security corps, then left after he embraced Salafist ideology in 1985. He was one of the most prominent promoters of Salafist ideology. He was made head of Jaish al-Taefa al-Mansoura then swore allegiance to al-Qaeda in Mesopotamia, which later formed, with other groups, the Mujahedeen Shura Council in Iraq. The leader called for attacks in the United States and France two countries that have been conducting airstrikes against ISIS in Iraq. The leader gave specifics on how to attack Westerners: Rig the roads with explosives for them. Attack their bases. Raid their homes. Cut off their heads. Do not let them feel secure. Hunt them wherever they may be. Turn their worldly life into fear and fire. Remove their families from their homes and thereafter blow up their homes. Al Qaeda has called for similar attacks in the past. But given ISIS radical support base, which believes ISIS leaders are the rightful sovereign leaders of all Muslims worldwide, the ISIS pronouncement carries more weight. There are two new elements in this policy, First, air strikes will not be restricted to areas where ISIS poses a threat to the U.S. Instead, they can strafe and bomb ISIS targets anywhere in Iraq, coordinating the strikes with assaults on the ground by Iraqi soldiers, militias, or Kurdish peshmerga. Second, these air strikes will take out ISIS jihadists not only in Iraq but also across the border in Syria. A senior official stressed that this part of the policy is not as open-ended as the speech makes it seem. Obama isà well aware that air strikes alone donââ¬â¢t produce victory. They need to be synchronized with ground assaults. And for now, there are no ground forces in Syria that can beat back ISIS. There are two big new elements in this policy: First, air strikes will no longer be restricted to areas where ISIS poses a threat to U.S. personnel. Instead, they can strafe and bomb ISIS targets anywhere in Iraq, coordinating the strikes with assaults on the ground by Iraqi soldiers, militias, or Kurdish peshmerga. Second, these air strikes will take out ISIS jihadists not only in Iraq but also across the border in Syria. A senior official stressed that this part of the policy is not as open-ended as the speech makes it seem. Obama is well aware that air strikes alone donââ¬â¢t produce victory. They need to be synchronized with ground assaults. And for now, there are no ground forces in Syria that can beat back ISIS. kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7208454216132554022.post-30541422132486713542019-11-14T00:55:00.001-08:002019-11-14T00:55:05.032-08:00Friendship in Dandelion Wine :: essays research papersFriendship in Dandelion Wine How important is friendship in the lives of teenagers today? In the book Dandelion Wine friendship is one of the main and supporting themes that intertwines throughout the book. Friendship can come in all shapes and sizes, but when you lose a friend there are many affects. People can't imagine surviving high school and adolescence without their friends. John the best friend of Doug moves away, the aspects of losing his best friend were devastating bringing a turning point in to Doug's life with many affects. It was a sunny day until a sudden cloud came over Doug’s head, when the reality of John moving hit him (Bradbury 103) “John took the yellow and green train ticket solemnly from his pocket and they both looked at it'; (Bradbury 103). With this type of situation kids are forced to make decisions to cope with the environment around them. “Whether they’re gossiping on the telephone or huddled in school hallways, teen-agers are constantly reaching out to their friends. They can’t imagine surviving high school and adolescence without them.'; The very word of friendship is complicated in the world today. When someone leaves you for any reason you are going to miss him or her with many affects. As memories flow through your head remembering the person that left seems to get harder and harder. In the book Dandelion Wine John started to notice little things that he never noticed before, and this scared him for he was afraid that Doug wouldn’t remember him. & #8220;Shut your eyes, Doug. Now, tell me, what color eyes I got? Don’t peek. What color eyes I got?'; Douglas began to sweat. His eyelids twitched nervously. Aw heck, John that’s not fair. Tell me. Brown! John turned away. No sir. What you mean, no? You’re not even close!'; John closed his eyes. Turn around here, said Douglas. “Open up, let me see. It’s no use, said John. You’re forgot already. Just the way I said. Turn around here! Douglas grabbed him by the hair and turned him slowly. Okay Doug. John opened his eyes. Green.'; (Bradbury 105-106). The very sentimental aspect of these affects can help to shape yourself by the environment around you. “Maintaining friendship can cause a lot of anxiety among teens. One of the biggest issues is trust. Confiding in people can be tricky, a betrayal of a confidence can break a friendship'; (Ellis H1+). kathyjames1983http://www.blogger.com/profile/13183551135947859115noreply@blogger.com0